Rinaldi Natalia Madalena, Moraes Renato
Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Research Support Center on Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Research Support Center on Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Hum Mov Sci. 2015 Apr;40:38-58. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.12.001. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
Typically, prehension and gait behaviors are studied separately. However, little is known about what changes occur in these motor skills when they are combined. We investigated and characterized motor performance during combined walking and prehension at different levels of difficulty of the prehension task. Fifteen right-handed young adults were invited to walk at their self-selected pace and grasp a dowel as they walked. They also grasped the dowel in a stationary condition (upright stance). We combined conditions with/without obstacles and stable/unstable base for dowel prehension. Modifications in gait and prehension were identified when they were combined, especially for the most difficult prehension conditions. The grasping task caused an adaptation in gait because the participants preferred to adopt a more conservative strategy of increasing their dynamic stability during the approach phase and when grasping the dowel. Walking changed the prehension movement by reducing the reaching movement time, peak wrist velocity, and peak grip aperture velocity. In addition, the peak grip aperture was affected by the presence of obstacles close to the dowel. The participants adjusted their gait during the approach phase to facilitate dowel prehension, and they controlled the hand position online to adjust its configuration based on the prehension conditions.
通常情况下,抓握和步态行为是分开研究的。然而,对于这些运动技能结合时会发生哪些变化,我们却知之甚少。我们研究并描述了在抓握任务的不同难度水平下,行走和抓握相结合时的运动表现。邀请了15名右利手的年轻成年人以他们自己选择的速度行走,并在行走过程中抓取一根木钉。他们还在静止状态(直立站姿)下抓取木钉。我们将有无障碍物以及木钉抓握时底座稳定/不稳定的情况进行了组合。当行走和抓握相结合时,尤其是在最困难的抓握条件下,发现了步态和抓握的变化。抓握任务导致了步态的适应性改变,因为参与者在接近阶段和抓握木钉时,更倾向于采取一种更保守的策略来提高他们的动态稳定性。行走通过减少伸手动作时间、腕部峰值速度和峰值握距开口速度改变了抓握动作。此外,峰值握距开口受到靠近木钉的障碍物的影响。参与者在接近阶段调整他们的步态以方便木钉抓握,并且他们在线控制手部位置,根据抓握条件调整其形态。