Akhter Wasira, Bhuiyan Mohamed Khurshed Alam, Sultana Farjana, Hossain Mohamed Motaher
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka 1236, Bangladesh.
C R Biol. 2015 Jan;338(1):21-8. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2014.10.003. Epub 2014 Nov 13.
The study evaluated the comparative performance of a few microbial antagonists, organic amendments and fungicides and their integration for the management of seedling mortality (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) and yield improvement in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Before setting the experiment in field microplots, a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to select a virulent isolate of R. solani, an effective antagonistic isolate of Trichoderma harzianum, a fungitoxic organic amendment and an appropriate fungicide. A greenhouse pathogenicity test compared differences in seedling mortality in pea inoculated by four isolates of R. solani and identified the isolate RS10 as the most virulent one. Among the 20 isolates screened in dual culture assay on PDA, T. harzianum isolate T-3 was found to show the highest (77.22%) inhibition of the radial growth of R. solani. A complete inhibition (100.00%) of colony growth of R. solani was observed when fungicide Bavistin 50 WP and Provax-200 at the rate of 100 and 250 ppm, respectively, were used, while Provax-200 was found to be highly compatible with T. harzianum. Mustard oilcake gave maximum inhibition (60.28%) of the radial growth of R. solani at all ratios, followed by sesame oilcake and tea waste. Integration of soil treatment with T. harzianum isolate T-3 and mustard oilcake and seed treatment with Provax-200 appeared to be significantly superior in reducing seedling mortality and improving seed yield in pea in comparison to any single or dual application of them in the experimental field. The research results will help growers develop integrated disease management strategies for the control of Rhizoctonia disease in pea. The research results show the need for an integrating selective microbial antagonist, organic amendment and fungicide to achieve appropriate management of seedling mortality (R. solani) and increase of seed yield in pea.
该研究评估了几种微生物拮抗剂、有机改良剂和杀菌剂及其组合对豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）幼苗死亡率（立枯丝核菌Kühn）的控制效果以及对豌豆产量提高的影响。在田间微小区设置试验之前，进行了一系列体外和体内实验，以筛选出立枯丝核菌的强毒株、哈茨木霉的有效拮抗菌株、具有杀真菌作用的有机改良剂和合适的杀菌剂。温室致病性试验比较了四种立枯丝核菌菌株接种豌豆后幼苗死亡率的差异，确定菌株RS10为最强毒株。在PDA平板上进行的双培养试验筛选出的20个菌株中，哈茨木霉菌株T-3对立枯丝核菌的径向生长抑制率最高（77.22%）。当分别以100 ppm和250 ppm的浓度使用杀菌剂多菌灵50 WP和保根200时，观察到立枯丝核菌的菌落生长完全受到抑制（100.00%），同时发现保根200与哈茨木霉具有高度相容性。在所有比例下，芥子油饼对立枯丝核菌的径向生长抑制作用最大（60.28%），其次是芝麻油饼和茶渣。与在试验田中单独或双重施用这些处理相比，将哈茨木霉菌株T-3和芥子油饼进行土壤处理以及用保根200进行种子处理，在降低豌豆幼苗死亡率和提高种子产量方面似乎具有显著优势。研究结果将有助于种植者制定综合病害管理策略，以控制豌豆立枯丝核菌病害。研究结果表明，需要综合使用选择性微生物拮抗剂、有机改良剂和杀菌剂，以实现对豌豆幼苗死亡率（立枯丝核菌）的适当控制和种子产量的提高。
