Kurukumbi Mohankumar, Dang Thao, Crossley Najeeb, Esame Alice, Jayam-Trouth Annapurni
Department of Neurology, Howard University Hospital, 2041 Georgia Avenue, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
Department of Neurology, Howard University Hospital, 2041 Georgia Avenue, Washington, DC 20060, USA ; Department of Neurology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
Case Rep Neurol Med. 2014;2014:320565. doi: 10.1155/2014/320565. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
Akinetic mutism is described in various clinical presentations but typically is defined as a state wherein the patient appears awake but does not move or speak. It can be divided into two different subtypes; the most common subtypes depend on the lesion location, mesencephalic-diencephalic region, also called apathetic akinetic mutism (somnolent mutism), and those involving the anterior cingulate gyrus and adjacent frontal lobes called hyperpathic akinetic mutism. The pathway of akinetic mutism is believed to originate from circuits that link the frontal and subcortical structures. This case reports a 48-year-old African American female with bilateral anterior cerebral artery stroke and akinetic mutism with coexisting thyroid storm. This patient with bilateral anterior cerebral artery infarcts presented with characteristics that are typical for akinetic mutism such as having intact eye movements but an inability to respond to auditory or visual commands. With the incidence of bilateral anterior cerebral artery (ACA) ischemic stroke being rare and the incidence of akinetic mutism secondary to ischemic stroke even rarer, we suspect that this patient potentially had a unilateral occlusion of anomalous anterior cerebral vasculature.
运动不能性缄默症有多种临床表现,但通常定义为患者看似清醒却不活动或说话的一种状态。它可分为两种不同亚型;最常见的亚型取决于病变位置,即中脑 - 间脑区域,也称为淡漠性运动不能性缄默症(嗜睡性缄默症),以及涉及前扣带回和相邻额叶的亚型,称为感觉过敏型运动不能性缄默症。运动不能性缄默症的通路被认为起源于连接额叶和皮质下结构的神经回路。本病例报告了一名48岁非裔美国女性,患有双侧大脑前动脉卒中及运动不能性缄默症并伴有甲状腺危象。该双侧大脑前动脉梗死患者表现出运动不能性缄默症的典型特征,如眼球运动正常但无法对听觉或视觉指令做出反应。由于双侧大脑前动脉(ACA)缺血性卒中的发病率很低,继发于缺血性卒中的运动不能性缄默症发病率更低,我们怀疑该患者可能存在异常大脑前血管的单侧闭塞。