强化收腹动作后核心不稳定的非运动员单足姿势稳定性
Unipedal postural stability in nonathletes with core instability after intensive abdominal drawing-in maneuver.
作者信息
Lee Nam G, You Joshua Sung H, Kim Tae H, Choi Bong S
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Woosong University, Dong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea;
出版信息
J Athl Train. 2015 Feb;50(2):147-55. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.91. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
CONTEXT
The exact neuromechanical nature and relative contribution of the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) to postural instability warrants further investigation in uninjured and injured populations.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of the ADIM on static core and unipedal postural stability in nonathletes with core instability.
DESIGN
Controlled laboratory study.
SETTING
University research laboratory.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
A total of 19 nonathletes (4 women: age = 22.3 ± 1.3 years, height = 164.0 ± 1.7 cm, mass = 56.0 ± 4.6 kg; 15 men: age = 24.6 ± 2.8 years, height = 172.6 ± 4.7 cm, mass = 66.8 ± 7.6 kg) with core instability.
INTERVENTION(S): Participants received ADIM training with visual feedback 20 minutes each day for 7 days each week over a 2-week period.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES(S): Core instability was determined using a prone formal test and measured by a pressure biofeedback unit. Unipedal postural stability was determined by measuring the center-of-pressure sway and associated changes in the abdominal muscle-thickness ratios. Electromyographic activity was measured concurrently in the external oblique, erector spinae, gluteus medius, vastus medialis oblique, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius muscles.
RESULTS
All participants initially were unable to complete the formal test. However, after the 2-week ADIM training period, all participants were able to reduce the pressure biofeedback unit by a range of 4 to 10 mm Hg from an initial 70 mm Hg and maintain it at 60 to 66 mm Hg with minimal activation of the external oblique (t(18) = 3.691, P = .002) and erector spinae (t(18) = 2.823, P = .01) muscles. Monitoring of the pressure biofeedback unit and other muscle activations confirmed that the correct muscle contraction defining the ADIM was accomplished. This core stabilization was well maintained in the unipedal-stance position, as evidenced by a decrease in the center-of-pressure sway measures (t(18) range, 3.953-5.775, P < .001), an increased muscle-thickness ratio for the transverse abdominis (t(18) = -2.327, P = .03), and a reduction in external oblique muscle activity (t(18) = 3.172, P = .005).
CONCLUSIONS
We provide the first evidence to highlight the positive effects of ADIM training on core and postural stability in nonathletes with core instability.
背景
收腹动作（ADIM）的确切神经力学本质及其对姿势不稳定的相对贡献，在未受伤和受伤人群中仍需进一步研究。
目的
确定ADIM对核心不稳定的非运动员静态核心和单腿姿势稳定性的影响。
设计
对照实验室研究。
地点
大学研究实验室。
患者或其他参与者
总共19名核心不稳定的非运动员（4名女性：年龄=22.3±1.3岁，身高=164.0±1.7厘米，体重=56.0±4.6千克；15名男性：年龄=24.6±2.8岁，身高=172.6±4.7厘米，体重=66.8±7.6千克）。
干预措施
参与者在为期2周的时间里，每周7天，每天接受20分钟的带有视觉反馈的ADIM训练。
主要观察指标
使用俯卧位正式测试确定核心不稳定，并通过压力生物反馈装置进行测量。通过测量压力中心摆动和腹肌厚度比的相关变化来确定单腿姿势稳定性。同时测量腹外斜肌、竖脊肌、臀中肌、股内侧斜肌、胫骨前肌和腓肠肌内侧头的肌电图活动。
结果
所有参与者最初都无法完成正式测试。然而，经过2周的ADIM训练期后，所有参与者都能够将压力生物反馈装置的读数从最初的70毫米汞柱降低4至10毫米汞柱，并在腹外斜肌（t(18)=3.691，P=.002）和竖脊肌（t(18)=2.8 23，P=.01）最小程度激活的情况下，将其维持在60至66毫米汞柱。对压力生物反馈装置和其他肌肉激活的监测证实，定义ADIM的正确肌肉收缩已经完成。这种核心稳定性在单腿站立姿势中得到了很好的维持，压力中心摆动测量值下降（t(18)范围为3.953 - 5.775，P<.001）、腹横肌厚度比增加（t(18)= - 2.327，P=.03）以及腹外斜肌活动减少（t(18)=3.172，P=.005）都证明了这一点。
结论
我们提供了首个证据，突出了ADIM训练对核心不稳定的非运动员的核心和姿势稳定性的积极影响。
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