Hormigo-Pozo A, Mancera-Romero J, Perez-Unanua M P, Alonso-Fernandez M, Lopez-Simarro F, Mediavilla-Bravo J J
Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Unidad de Gestión Clínica Puerta Blanca, Distrito Sanitario Málaga-Guadalhorce, Málaga, España.
Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Ciudad Jardín, Distrito Sanitario Málaga-Guadalhorce, Málaga, España.
Semergen. 2015 Mar;41(2):89-98. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2014.11.007. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a 2 to 4 times higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases when compared to general population of similar age and sex. This risk remains after adjustment of other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is present in up to 60% of people with diabetes and contributes greatly to increased cardiovascular, morbidity and mortality risk in these patients. Diabetic dyslipidemia is a disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by an excess of triglycerides, a decrease in HDL-cholesterol and altered lipoprotein composition, consisting mainly in an excess of small, dense LDL particles. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of drug treatment of dyslipidemia (mainly statins) to prevent cardiovascular events and mortality in people with diabetes, both in primary and secondary prevention. This consensus document, developed by general practitioners, members of the Diabetes Group of the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians (SEMERGEN), aims to assist in the management of patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia in accordance with the most recent recommendations.
与年龄和性别相仿的普通人群相比，2型糖尿病患者患心血管疾病的风险高出2至4倍。在调整其他传统心血管危险因素后，这种风险依然存在。2型糖尿病相关的血脂异常在多达60%的糖尿病患者中存在，极大地增加了这些患者的心血管疾病发病率和死亡风险。糖尿病血脂异常是一种脂质代谢紊乱，其特征是甘油三酯过多、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低以及脂蛋白组成改变，主要表现为小而密的低密度脂蛋白颗粒过多。多项临床试验已证明，药物治疗血脂异常（主要是他汀类药物）对预防糖尿病患者的心血管事件和死亡有益，无论是在一级预防还是二级预防中。这份由全科医生、西班牙初级保健医师协会（SEMERGEN）糖尿病小组成员制定的共识文件，旨在根据最新建议协助管理糖尿病和血脂异常患者。
