Labonté Sébastien
CHU de Québec/L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 11, Côte-du-Palais, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada.
Ann Pathol. 2015 Jan;35(1):3-14. doi: 10.1016/j.annpat.2014.09.003. Epub 2014 Dec 20.
Myxoid soft tissue tumors form a heterogeneous group. Their biological potential encompasses the whole spectrum from benign to highly malignant. The present article focuses on myxoid tumors of the deep soft tissues: myxofibrosarcoma, low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, myxoma, myxoid liposarcoma, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma and nodular fasciitis. The last two decades have brought into practice multiple powerful tools that support pathologists in making precise diagnoses, even on small incisional biopsies: detection of fusion transcripts by rt-PCR, detection of chromosomal fusion or breakpoint by FISH, detection of point mutations by PCR and expression of specific markers by immunohistochemistry. Conventional morphology remains the mainstay of diagnosis, and it is essential to obtain adequate clinical and radiological information before interpreting small incisional biopsies. The present article is a summary of morphologic features used to diagnose the most common tumors of the deep soft tissues.
黏液样软组织肿瘤是一组异质性肿瘤。它们的生物学潜能涵盖了从良性到高度恶性的整个范围。本文重点关注深部软组织的黏液样肿瘤：黏液纤维肉瘤、低度纤维黏液样肉瘤、黏液瘤、黏液样脂肪肉瘤、骨外黏液样软骨肉瘤和结节性筋膜炎。在过去二十年中，出现了多种强大的工具，可辅助病理学家进行精确诊断，即使是对于小切口活检标本：通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（rt-PCR）检测融合转录本、通过荧光原位杂交（FISH）检测染色体融合或断点、通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测点突变以及通过免疫组织化学检测特定标志物的表达。传统形态学仍然是诊断的主要依据，并且在解读小切口活检标本之前，获取充分的临床和放射学信息至关重要。本文总结了用于诊断深部软组织最常见肿瘤的形态学特征。
