Goldberg Shari L, Mawn Barbara E
Department of Nursing and Public Health, Colby-Sawyer College, New London, New Hampshire.
School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts.
Public Health Nurs. 2015 Sep-Oct;32(5):397-407. doi: 10.1111/phn.12173. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
Food insecurity among U.S. households is a national concern. Since 2010, the U.S. Healthy People goal has been to reduce food insecurity to 6%. Despite this goal, 14.5% of households remained food insecure in 2013 (U.S. Department of Agriculture). The purpose of this study was to examine the antecedents of food insecurity among older adults through the lens of the social ecological model.
This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized secondary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the years 2007 and 2008 from a sample that included 2,045 adults 60 years of age and older.
Variables related to the constructs of the social ecological model were examined using descriptive, chi-square, and logistic regression analyses.
Analyses of the model indicated that the severity of depression, reports of financial support, and having ever received household food stamp benefits had statistically significant main effects on food insecurity among older adults.
The study findings have implications for nursing practice, education, and research and could facilitate the development of screening methods, interventions, and policy evaluation that focus on food insecurity at multiple spheres of influence among the targeted population.
美国家庭的粮食不安全是一个全国性问题。自2010年以来，美国“健康人民”目标一直是将粮食不安全率降至6%。尽管有这一目标，但2013年仍有14.5%的家庭粮食不安全（美国农业部）。本研究的目的是通过社会生态模型的视角，探讨老年人粮食不安全的影响因素。
这项回顾性横断面研究利用了2007年和2008年全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的二手数据，样本包括2045名60岁及以上的成年人。
使用描述性、卡方和逻辑回归分析来检验与社会生态模型构建相关的变量。
模型分析表明，抑郁严重程度、经济支持报告以及是否曾领取家庭食品券福利对老年人的粮食不安全有统计学上的显著主效应。
研究结果对护理实践、教育和研究具有启示意义，并有助于开发针对目标人群多个影响领域粮食不安全问题的筛查方法、干预措施和政策评估。
