Simón Oihane, Bernal Alexandra, Williams Trevor, Carnero Aurelio, Hernández-Suárez Estrella, Muñoz Delia, Caballero Primitivo
Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva Baja, Spain.
Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Pest Manag Sci. 2015 Dec;71(12):1623-30. doi: 10.1002/ps.3969. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper) is a major pest of tomato in Mediterranean countries and attacks banana in the Canary Islands (Spain). The efficacy of Chrysodeixis chalcites single nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChchSNPV-TF1) was evaluated in plant growth chambers and greenhouse trials performed on tomato and banana plants respectively. Treatments were applied using a compressed air sprayer.
Mean (± SE) lethal infection varied from 77 ± 10% to 94 ± 3% in second-instar larvae fed for 2 days on tomato plants treated with 2 × 10(6) to 5 × 10(7) virus occlusion bodies (OBs) L(-1) , increasing to ∼100% infection after 7 days. Mortality of larvae collected from banana at different intervals post-application varied from 54 ± 10% to 96 ± 4% in treatments involving 1 × 10(8) -1 × 10(9) OBs L(-1) , whereas indoxacarb (Steward 30% WG) and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Biobit 16% WP) treatments produced between 22 ± 6% and 32 ± 5% pest mortality. All treatments significantly reduced plant defoliation compared with untreated controls. Application of 1 × 10(9) OBs L(-1) was 3-4-fold more effective than chemical or B. thuringiensis treatments. Larvae acquired lethal infection more rapidly when feeding on tomato than banana plants, but this difference disappeared following >60 min of feeding.
This information should prove useful in the registration of ChchSNPV-TF1 as a bioinsecticide in the Canary Islands and Europe.
番茄夜蛾（Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper)）是地中海国家番茄的主要害虫，在加那利群岛（西班牙）还会侵害香蕉。分别在植物生长室和温室试验中对番茄和香蕉植株评估了番茄夜蛾单核多角体病毒（ChchSNPV-TF1）的功效。使用压缩空气喷雾器进行处理。
在用2×10(6)至5×10(7)个病毒包涵体（OBs）/升处理过的番茄植株上取食2天的二龄幼虫中，平均（±标准误）致死感染率从77±10%变化到94±3%，7天后感染率增至约100%。在施用后不同时间间隔从香蕉上采集的幼虫，在涉及1×10(8)-1×10(9)个OBs/升的处理中，死亡率从54±10%变化到96±4%，而茚虫威（斯代得30%水分散粒剂）和苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种（比奥比特16%可湿性粉剂）处理的害虫死亡率在22±6%至32±5%之间。与未处理的对照相比，所有处理均显著减少了植株落叶。施用1×10(9)个OBs/升比化学或苏云金芽孢杆菌处理有效3至四倍。幼虫取食番茄时比取食香蕉植株时更快获得致死感染，但取食超过60分钟后这种差异消失。
这些信息对于ChchSNPV-TF1在加那利群岛和欧洲作为生物杀虫剂登记应是有用的。
