Zhang Yi, Wu Ling, Jiang Cuijuan, Yan Bing
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 Mar 16;28(3):296-305. doi: 10.1021/tx500480d. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), interact with cells and are easily internalized, causing various perturbations to cell functions. The mechanisms involved in such perturbations are investigated by a systematic approach that utilizes modified CNTs and various chemical-biological assays. Three modes of actions are (1) CNTs bind to different cell surface receptors and perturb different cell signaling pathways; (2) CNTs bind to a receptor with different affinity and, therefore, strengthen or weaken signals; (3) CNTs enter cells and bind to soluble signaling proteins involved in a signaling pathway. Understanding of such mechanisms not only clarifies how CNTs cause cytotoxicity but also demonstrates a useful method to modulate biological/toxicological activities of CNTs for their various industrial, biomedical, and consumer applications.
