Gallotta Maria Chiara, Bonavolontà Valerio, Emerenziani Gian Pietro, Franciosi Emanuele, Tito Alessandro, Guidetti Laura, Baldari Carlo
a Unit of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences , University of Rome "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy.
J Sports Sci. 2015;33(11):1173-81. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.987157. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the dorsal and lumbar spine of expert and recreational tennis players before (pre) and after (post) two different training sessions. The sample consisted of 17 male tennis players, nine expert and eight recreational males (age 21.2 ± 1.6 years). We assessed the back surface by rasterstereography pre and post two different training sessions both lasting 1.5 h: a standard training and a specific over-shoulder shots training session, respectively. Lordotic and kyphotic angle, length, imbalance, inclination for trunk, pelvic torsion, left and right lateral deviation and surface rotation were measured. Tennis expertise (expert versus recreational) significantly affected the surface rotation and right lateral deviation (P < 0.05). Trunk length was affected by intervention (pre versus post) (P < 0.05). Left lateral deviation differed both for type of session (session 1 versus session 2) and intervention (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). Expert tennis players had higher values on surface rotation and right lateral deviation, around or just above physiological values (0-5° and 0-5 mm, respectively). Type of session significantly affected left lateral deviation, indicating that over-shoulder shots lead to a higher stress for the spine; the workload produced by both single sessions led to a shortening effect on trunk length. A single training session can induce acute modifications in some parameters of dorsal and lumbar spine of players.
本研究的目的是评估专业和业余网球运动员在两种不同训练课程之前（训练前）和之后（训练后）的背部和腰椎情况。样本包括17名男性网球运动员，其中9名专业运动员和8名业余运动员（年龄21.2±1.6岁）。我们通过光栅立体摄影术在两种不同的训练课程（均持续1.5小时）之前和之后评估背部表面情况，这两种训练课程分别是标准训练和特定的过肩击球训练课程。测量了脊柱前凸和后凸角度、长度、不平衡度、躯干倾斜度、骨盆扭转、左右侧偏以及表面旋转情况。网球专业水平（专业与业余）对表面旋转和右侧侧偏有显著影响（P<0.05）。躯干长度受干预（训练前与训练后）影响（P<0.05）。左侧侧偏在训练课程类型（课程1与课程2）和干预方面均存在差异（P<0.001，P<0.05）。专业网球运动员在表面旋转和右侧侧偏方面的值较高，接近或略高于生理值（分别为0 - 5°和0 - 5毫米）。训练课程类型对左侧侧偏有显著影响，表明过肩击球对脊柱造成的压力更大；单次训练课程产生的工作量导致躯干长度缩短。单次训练课程可引起运动员背部和腰椎某些参数的急性变化。
