Radha Sistla, Afroz Tameem, Prasad Sudheer, Ravindra Nallagonda
Department of Anatomical Pathology and Cytology, Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Department of Pulmonology, Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
J Cytol. 2014 Jul;31(3):136-8. doi: 10.4103/0970-9371.145636.
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a diagnostic procedure by which cells and other components from bronchial and alveolar spaces are obtained for various studies. One of the main advantages of BAL is that it can be done as a day care procedure. Material obtained by BAL can give a definite diagnosis in conditions such as infections and malignancies.
The aims and objective of this study were to assess the utility of BAL as a diagnostic tool to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the material obtained from BAL in various infections and neoplastic lesions to study the limitations of BAL in certain lung disorders.
This study was done in a tertiary care center in Hyderabad. Bronchoscopy was done as an outpatient procedure and lavage fluid obtained analyzed. This is a prospective study done from January 2012 to Jun 2013. Ninety-one BALs were analyzed for total and differential count, microbiological examination and cytological evaluation. Cases selected included nonresolving pneumonias, diffuse lung infiltrates, infiltrates in immunosuppressed hosts and ventilator-associated pneumonias.
Bronchoalveolar lavage was done in 91 cases over a period of 1½ years. Definite diagnosis was not given in 7 cases. Four cases were inadequate. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 22 cases, fungal infections in 7 cases. Thirty-eight cases of bacterial pneumonias were diagnosed, Klebsiella was the most common organism. Malignancy was diagnosed in 13 cases.
Definite diagnosis can be made in tuberculosis, fungal infections, bacterial pneumonias and in malignancies.
支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）是一种诊断程序，通过该程序可获取支气管和肺泡腔中的细胞及其他成分以进行各种研究。BAL的主要优点之一是它可以作为日间护理程序进行。通过BAL获得的材料可在感染和恶性肿瘤等病症中做出明确诊断。
本研究的目的是评估BAL作为诊断工具的效用，以确定从BAL获得的材料在各种感染和肿瘤性病变中的诊断准确性，研究BAL在某些肺部疾病中的局限性。
本研究在海得拉巴的一家三级护理中心进行。支气管镜检查作为门诊程序进行，并对获得的灌洗液进行分析。这是一项从2012年1月至2013年6月进行的前瞻性研究。对91例BAL进行了总数和分类计数、微生物学检查和细胞学评估。所选病例包括未缓解的肺炎、弥漫性肺浸润、免疫抑制宿主中的浸润和呼吸机相关性肺炎。
在1年半的时间里对91例患者进行了支气管肺泡灌洗。7例未给出明确诊断。4例样本不足。诊断出22例肺结核，7例真菌感染。诊断出38例细菌性肺炎，最常见的病原体是克雷伯菌。诊断出13例恶性肿瘤。
在肺结核、真菌感染、细菌性肺炎和恶性肿瘤中可做出明确诊断。
