Hu Xiaolin, Li Xiaolin, Li Rong, Dou Xinman
Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2014 Dec;39(12):1279-84. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2014.12.010.
To evaluate the status of loneliness, the influential factors and the relationship between loneliness and family function among bereaved parents in disaster area of 5.12 Earthquake and to provide basis for mental and family reconstruction for those people suffering from the Earthquake.
A total 190 bereaved parents in disaster area of 5.12 Earthquake were enrolled for an across-sectional study. A face-to-face survey was conducted by following scales: General Data Scale, University of California at Los Angels Loneliness Scale, Emotional and Social Loneliness Scale and Family APGAR Index.
The score of loneliness ranged from 24 to 69 (mean=43.58, SD=9.61), the score of emotional loneliness ranged from 5 to 24 (mean=11.95, SD=3.60) while the social loneliness ranged from 6 to 24 (mean=13.99, SD=3.69). The scores of loneliness, social loneliness and emotional loneliness were all increased among bereaved parents compared to people without loss of their child. The results of multivariate analysis showed that family function and status of fertility significantly impacted the loneliness (P< 0.05). Furthermore, there was negative correlation between family function and the loneliness, social loneliness and emotional loneliness (P< 0.05).
The bereaved parents in disaster area of 5.12 Earthquake showed higher level of loneliness. The better of family function indicated the less of loneliness in bereaved parents. Measures should be taken to promote mental and family reconstruction for such people, including providing effective skills to improve emotional communication and family function and offering technical support for having another baby.
评估5·12地震灾区丧亲父母的孤独状况、影响因素以及孤独与家庭功能之间的关系，为地震受灾人群的心理重建和家庭重建提供依据。
选取190名5·12地震灾区的丧亲父母进行横断面研究。采用一般资料量表、加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表、情感与社交孤独量表及家庭APGAR指数进行面对面调查。
孤独得分范围为24至69分（均值=43.58，标准差=9.61），情感孤独得分范围为5至24分（均值=11.95，标准差=3.60），社交孤独得分范围为6至24分（均值=13.99，标准差=3.69）。与未失去孩子的人群相比，丧亲父母的孤独、社交孤独和情感孤独得分均有所增加。多因素分析结果显示，家庭功能和生育状况对孤独有显著影响（P<0.05）。此外，家庭功能与孤独、社交孤独和情感孤独之间呈负相关（P<0.05）。
5·12地震灾区丧亲父母的孤独水平较高。家庭功能越好，丧亲父母的孤独感越低。应采取措施促进此类人群的心理和家庭重建，包括提供有效的情感沟通和家庭功能改善技巧，以及为再生育提供技术支持。
