Vályi Kriszta, Rillig Matthias C, Hempel Stefan
Institut für Biologie, Plant Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstraße 6., D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Altensteinstraße 6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
New Phytol. 2015 Mar;205(4):1577-1586. doi: 10.1111/nph.13236. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
We studied the effect of host plant identity and land-use intensity (LUI) on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomeromycota) communities in roots of grassland plants. These are relevant factors for intraradical AMF communities in temperate grasslands, which are habitats where AMF are present in high abundance and diversity. In order to focus on fungi that directly interact with the plant at the time, we investigated root-colonizing communities. Our study sites represent an LUI gradient with different combinations of grazing, mowing, and fertilization. We used massively parallel multitag pyrosequencing to investigate AMF communities in a large number of root samples, while being able to track the identity of the host. We showed that host plants significantly differed in AMF community composition, while land use modified this effect in a plant species-specific manner. Communities in medium and low land-use sites were subsets of high land-use communities, suggesting a differential effect of land use on the dispersal of AMF species with different abundances and competitive abilities. We demonstrate that in these grasslands, there is a small group of highly abundant, generalist fungi which represent the dominating species in the AMF community.
我们研究了宿主植物种类和土地利用强度（LUI）对草原植物根系丛枝菌根真菌（AMF，球囊菌门）群落的影响。这些是温带草原根系内AMF群落的相关因素，温带草原是AMF大量存在且具有高度多样性的栖息地。为了聚焦于当时直接与植物相互作用的真菌，我们调查了根系定殖群落。我们的研究地点代表了一个具有放牧、割草和施肥不同组合的LUI梯度。我们使用大规模平行多标签焦磷酸测序技术来研究大量根系样本中的AMF群落，同时能够追踪宿主的种类。我们发现宿主植物的AMF群落组成存在显著差异，而土地利用以植物物种特异性的方式改变了这种影响。中低土地利用强度地点的群落是高土地利用强度群落的子集，这表明土地利用对具有不同丰度和竞争能力的AMF物种的扩散有不同影响。我们证明，在这些草原中，有一小群高度丰富的泛化真菌，它们是AMF群落中的优势物种。
