Sun Wei, Aodeng Surita, Tanimoto Yoshimi, Watanabe Misuzu, Han Jinsong, Wang Bowen, Yu Lianzheng, Kono Koichi
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110013, PR China.
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110013, PR China.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015 Mar-Apr;60(2):311-6. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 10.
China has the most elderly people. Maintaining and improving the QOL of the elderly has emerged as a particularly important issue. This population-based study aimed to examine the QOL of the urban elderly and to clarify the associated factors.
A cross-sectional study was performed in Liaoning Province. The elderly people without senile dementia composed our study population and were interviewed from March to November, 2012 with questionnaires pertaining to QOL (SF-36), cognitive ability, demographic characteristics, health status, behavioral factors, and social-psychological factors. 4067 effective responses were received (effective response rate: 86.0%). After further cognitive screening, 3714 participants were included as the subjects.
The mean scores of physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were 53.7±21.5 (mean±SD) and 58.9±18.9, respectively. With adjustment for age and sex, general linear model analysis showed that, in standardized estimate (β) sequence, PCS was significantly associated with chronic disease, taking a walk, visual ability, sleeping quality, marital status, alcohol consumption, hearing ability, smoking, neighborhood relationships, filial piety, ethnicity, and regular diet, and MCS was associated with chronic disease, sleeping quality, taking a walk, visual ability, marital status, ethnicity, filial piety, regular diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, and hearing ability.
The community-dwelling elderly in urban areas had a low level of QOL. To improve QOL, the maintenance of health conditions was crucial. Efforts to encourage the elderly to perform feasible exercise and develop good lifestyles should be focused on. Also, children's filial duty to their parents should be enhanced.
中国老年人口众多。维持和提高老年人的生活质量已成为一个尤为重要的问题。这项基于人群的研究旨在调查城市老年人的生活质量，并阐明相关因素。
在辽宁省进行了一项横断面研究。研究对象为无老年痴呆症的老年人，于2012年3月至11月使用与生活质量（SF-36）、认知能力、人口统计学特征、健康状况、行为因素和社会心理因素相关的问卷进行访谈。共收到4067份有效回复（有效回复率：86.0%）。经过进一步的认知筛查，3714名参与者被纳入研究对象。
身体成分总结（PCS）和心理成分总结（MCS）的平均得分分别为53.7±21.5（均值±标准差）和58.9±18.9。在对年龄和性别进行调整后，一般线性模型分析显示，在标准化估计（β）序列中，PCS与慢性病、散步、视力、睡眠质量、婚姻状况、饮酒、听力、吸烟、邻里关系、孝顺、种族和规律饮食显著相关，而MCS与慢性病、睡眠质量、散步、视力、婚姻状况、种族、孝顺、规律饮食、饮酒、吸烟和听力相关。
城市社区居住的老年人生活质量水平较低。为提高生活质量，维持健康状况至关重要。应着重鼓励老年人进行可行的锻炼并养成良好的生活方式。此外，还应加强子女对父母的孝顺义务。
