Department of Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Del Pozzo, 71, 41125, Modena, Italy.
Inflamm Res. 2015 Feb;64(2):85-95. doi: 10.1007/s00011-014-0792-7. Epub 2014 Dec 30.
Chemerin is an adipokine secreted by adipocytes and associated with obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Different chemerin fragments with pro- or anti-inflammatory action can be produced, depending on the class of proteases predominating in the microenvironment. Chemerin binds to three receptors, especially to chemR23, expressed on various cells, as dendritic cells, macrophages and natural killer cells, regulating chemotaxis towards the site of inflammation and activation status. Recently, the chemerin/chemR23 axis has attracted particular attention for the multiple roles related to the control of inflammation, metabolism and cancerogenesis in different organs and systems as lung (allergy and cancer), skin (psoriasis, lupus, cancer, wound repair), cardiovascular system (lipid profile and atherosclerosis), reproductive apparatus (polycystic ovary syndrome, follicular homoeostasis), and digestive tract (inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer). This pathway may regulate immune responses by contributing both to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and to the resolution of acute inflammation. Thus, chemerin-derived peptides or other substances that may affect the chemerin/chemR23 axis could be used in the future for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer at different sites.
趋化素是脂肪细胞分泌的一种脂肪因子，与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征有关。根据微环境中占主导地位的蛋白酶种类，趋化素可产生具有促炎或抗炎作用的不同片段。趋化素与三种受体结合，特别是与表达在各种细胞（如树突状细胞、巨噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞）上的 chemR23 结合，调节向炎症部位的趋化性和激活状态。最近，趋化素/chemR23 轴因其与不同器官和系统（如肺[过敏和癌症]、皮肤[银屑病、狼疮、癌症、伤口修复]、心血管系统[血脂谱和动脉粥样硬化]、生殖器官[多囊卵巢综合征、卵泡稳态]和消化道[炎症性肠病和癌症]）中炎症、代谢和癌症发生的控制相关的多种作用而引起了特别关注。该途径可通过促进炎症性疾病的发病机制和急性炎症的消退来调节免疫反应。因此，趋化素衍生肽或可能影响趋化素/chemR23 轴的其他物质可能会在未来用于治疗包括不同部位癌症在内的许多疾病。
