Grotti Marco, Soggia Francesco, Ardini Francisco, Magi Emanuele, Becagli Silvia, Traversi Rita, Udisti Roberto
Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2015 Nov;138:916-23. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.094. Epub 2014 Dec 27.
From January to December 2010, surface snow samples were collected with monthly resolution at the Concordia station (75°06'S, 123°20'E), on the Antarctic plateau, and analysed for major and trace elements in both dissolved and particulate (i.e. insoluble particles, >0.45 μm) phase. Additional surface snow samples were collected with daily resolution, for the determination of sea-salt sodium and not-sea-salt calcium, in order to support the discussion on the seasonal variations of trace elements. Concentrations of alkaline and alkaline-earth elements were higher in winter (April-October) than in summer (November-March) by a factor of 1.2-3.3, in agreement with the higher concentration of sea-salt atmospheric particles reaching the Antarctic plateau during the winter. Similarly, trace elements were generally higher in winter by a factor of 1.2-1.5, whereas Al and Fe did not show any significant seasonal trend. Partitioning between dissolved and particulate phases did not change with the sampling period, but it depended only on the element: alkaline and alkaline-earth elements, as well as Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were for the most part (>80%) in the dissolved phase, whereas Al and Fe were mainly associated with the particulate phase (>80%) and Cd, Cr, V were nearly equally distributed between the phases. Finally, the estimated marine and crustal enrichment factors indicated that Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn have a dominant anthropogenic origin, with a possible contribution from the Concordia station activities.
2010年1月至12月，在南极高原的康科迪亚站（南纬75°06′，东经123°20′）以月分辨率采集表层雪样，并对溶解相和颗粒相（即不溶性颗粒，>0.45μm）中的主要元素和微量元素进行分析。还以日分辨率采集了额外的表层雪样，用于测定海盐钠和非海盐钙，以支持有关微量元素季节变化的讨论。冬季（4月至10月）碱性和碱土元素的浓度比夏季（11月至3月）高1.2至3.3倍，这与冬季到达南极高原的海盐大气颗粒浓度较高一致。同样，微量元素在冬季通常也高1.2至1.5倍，而铝和铁没有显示出任何明显的季节趋势。溶解相和颗粒相之间的分配不会随采样期而变化，而是仅取决于元素：碱性和碱土元素以及钴、铜、锰、铅和锌大部分（>80%）处于溶解相，而铝和铁主要与颗粒相相关（>80%），镉、铬、钒在两相之间几乎均匀分布。最后，估计的海洋和地壳富集因子表明，镉、铬、铜、铅和锌主要源于人为活动，可能与康科迪亚站的活动有关。
