Ikegawa M, Kimura M, Honda K, Makita K, Fujii Y, Itokawa Y
Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Japan.
Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Jun;105(6):654-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.97105654.
Drifting snow samples were collected at Asuka Station (71 degrees 32'S, 24 degrees 08'E, 930 m above sea level) over a period from July to December 1991; 36 elements (including Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Al, Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Se, Rb, Sr, Cd, Pb, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Th) in snow were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) by direct sample introduction. Concentrations of Cl-, NO3-, and SO(4)2- in the snow were also determined by ion chromatography. In late September to early October, there was a pronounced peak concentration of most of the elements together with non-sea salt sulfate. Enrichment factor analyses suggest that Na, Mg, Ca, K, and Sr are of marine origin and Al, Fe, Mn, Rb, Cr, Ni, Ga, V, and all the rare earth elements are of crustal origins. Volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo (June 1991) and Mt. Hudson (August 1991) could be the reason for the precipitation of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Se together with non-sea salt sulfates in the austral spring at Asuka Station.
1991年7月至12月期间，在飞鸟站（南纬71°32′，东经24°08′，海拔930米）采集了吹雪样本；通过直接进样，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析了雪中的36种元素（包括钠、镁、钾、钙、铁、铝、锂、钒、铬、锰、钴、镍、铜、锌、镓、硒、铷、锶、镉、铅、钇、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥和钍）。雪中的Cl-、NO3-和SO42-浓度也通过离子色谱法测定。在9月下旬至10月初，大多数元素以及非海盐硫酸盐出现了明显的浓度峰值。富集因子分析表明，钠、镁、钙、钾和锶来自海洋，而铝、铁、锰、铷、铬、镍、镓、钒以及所有稀土元素来自地壳。皮纳图博火山（1991年6月）和哈德逊火山（1991年8月）的喷发可能是飞鸟站南半球春季铅、镉、铜、锌和硒与非海盐硫酸盐一同沉降的原因。
