Beougher Sean C, Bircher Anja E, Chakravarty Deepalika, Darbes Lynae A, Mandic Carmen Gómez, Neilands Torsten B, Garcia Carla C, Hoff Colleen C
Center for Research and Education on Gender and Sexuality, San Francisco State University, 835 Market Street, Suite 525, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2015 Feb;44(2):499-508. doi: 10.1007/s10508-014-0403-2. Epub 2014 Dec 31.
Previous studies of HIV testing among gay men describe the motivations, facilitators and barriers, behaviors, and demographic characteristics of individuals who test. What little research focuses on HIV testing among gay men in relationships shows that they do not test regularly or, in some cases, at all-their motivations to test have not been investigated. With so little data on HIV testing for this population, and the continued privileging of individually focused approaches, gay men in relationships fall into a blind spot of research and prevention efforts. This study examined motivations to test for HIV using qualitative data from both partners in 20 gay male couples. Analysis revealed that the partners' motivations were either event-related (e.g., participants testing at the beginning of their relationship or HIV-negative participants in an HIV-discordant relationship testing after risky episode with their discordant primary partner) or partner-related (e.g., participants testing in response to a request or suggestion to test from their primary partner or participants testing out of concern for their primary partner's health and well-being). These data provide insight into relationship-oriented motivations to test for HIV for gay men in relationships and, in doing so, evidence their commitment to their primary partner and relationship. These motivations can be leveraged to increase HIV testing among gay men in relationships, a population that tests less often than single gay men, yet, until recently, has been underserved by prevention efforts.
以往针对男同性恋者进行HIV检测的研究描述了检测者的动机、促进因素和障碍、行为以及人口统计学特征。少数聚焦于处于恋爱关系中的男同性恋者进行HIV检测的研究表明，他们不定期进行检测，或者在某些情况下根本不检测——他们的检测动机尚未得到研究。由于针对这一人群的HIV检测数据极少，且一直以来个人导向的方法占据主导地位，处于恋爱关系中的男同性恋者成为了研究和预防工作的盲点。本研究利用来自20对男同性恋伴侣双方的定性数据，考察了进行HIV检测的动机。分析显示，伴侣的动机要么与事件相关（例如，参与者在恋爱关系开始时进行检测，或者处于HIV血清学不一致关系中的HIV阴性参与者在与血清学不一致的主要伴侣发生危险行为后进行检测），要么与伴侣相关（例如，参与者应主要伴侣的检测要求或建议进行检测，或者出于对主要伴侣健康和幸福的担忧而进行检测）。这些数据为处于恋爱关系中的男同性恋者进行HIV检测的关系导向动机提供了见解，并且证明了他们对主要伴侣和恋爱关系的承诺。这些动机可被用来增加处于恋爱关系中的男同性恋者的HIV检测率，这一人群的检测频率低于单身男同性恋者，但直到最近，预防工作对他们的服务仍不足。
