运动专项损伤在学校间体育活动中的损伤和治疗特征：来自运动训练实践为基础的研究网络的报告。
Injury and treatment characteristics of sport-specific injuries sustained in interscholastic athletics: a report from the athletic training practice-based research network.
机构信息
Post-Professional Athletic Training Program, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2015 Jan;7(1):67-74. doi: 10.1177/1941738114555842.
BACKGROUND
The inclusion of clinical practice factors, beyond epidemiologic data, may help guide medical coverage and care decisions.
HYPOTHESIS
Trends in injury and treatment characteristics of sport-specific injuries sustained by secondary school athletes will differ based on sport.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective analysis of electronic patient records.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 4.
METHODS
Participants consisted of 3302 boys and 2293 girls who were diagnosed with a sport-related injury or condition during the study years. Injury (sport, body part, diagnosis via ICD-9 codes) and treatment (type, amount, and duration of care) characteristics were grouped by sport and reported using summary statistics.
RESULTS
Most injuries and treatments occurred in football, girls' soccer, basketball, volleyball, and track and field. Sprain or strain of the ankle, knee, and thigh/hip/groin and concussion were the most commonly documented injuries across sports. The injury pattern for boys' wrestling differed from other sports and included sprain or strain of the elbow and neck and general medical skin conditions. The most frequently reported service was athletic training evaluation/reevaluation treatment, followed by hot/cold pack, therapeutic exercise, manual therapy techniques, electrical stimulation, and strapping of lower extremity joints. Most sports required 4 to 5 services per injury. With the exception of boys' soccer and girls' softball, duration of care ranged from 10 to 14 days. Girls' soccer and girls' and boys' track and field reported the longest durations of care.
CONCLUSION
Injury and treatment characteristics are generally comparable across sports, suggesting that secondary school athletic trainers may diagnose and treat similar injuries regardless of sport.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Subtle sport trends, including skin conditions associated with boys' wrestling and longer duration of care for girls' soccer, are important to note when discussing appropriate medical coverage and care.
背景
将临床实践因素纳入其中，超出了流行病学数据的范围，可能有助于指导医疗覆盖范围和护理决策。
假设
基于运动项目的不同，中学校园运动员的特定运动损伤和治疗特征的趋势会有所不同。
研究设计
回顾性电子病历分析。
证据水平
4 级。
方法
研究对象包括在研究期间被诊断出与运动相关的损伤或疾病的 3302 名男运动员和 2293 名女运动员。根据运动项目对损伤（运动、身体部位、ICD-9 编码诊断）和治疗（类型、数量和护理持续时间）特征进行分组，并以汇总统计数据报告。
结果
大多数损伤和治疗发生在足球、女子足球、篮球、排球和田径运动中。踝关节、膝关节和大腿/臀部/腹股沟扭伤或拉伤以及脑震荡是所有运动项目中最常见的损伤。男子摔跤的损伤模式与其他运动项目不同，包括肘部和颈部扭伤或拉伤以及一般的医疗皮肤状况。最常报告的服务是运动训练评估/重新评估治疗，其次是冷热包、治疗性运动、手动治疗技术、电刺激和下肢关节的包扎。大多数运动项目每损伤需要 4 到 5 次服务。除了男足和女足垒球外，护理时间从 10 到 14 天不等。女足和男足田径运动的护理时间最长。
结论
不同运动项目的损伤和治疗特征基本相似，这表明中学校园运动训练师可能会根据运动项目诊断和治疗类似的损伤。
临床相关性
需要注意一些细微的运动趋势，包括与男子摔跤相关的皮肤状况以及女足和男足田径运动的护理时间较长，这对于讨论适当的医疗覆盖范围和护理非常重要。
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