Med Sports Systems, Iowa City, IA.
J Athl Train. 1999 Jul;34(3):277-84.
To characterize the risk of injury associated with 10 popular high school sports by comparing the relative frequency of injury and selected injury rates among sports, as well as the participation conditions within each sport.
A cohort observational study of high school athletes using a surveillance protocol whereby certified athletic trainers recorded data during the 1995-1997 academic years.
Players listed on the school's varsity team rosters for football, wrestling, baseball, field hockey, softball, girls' volleyball, boys' or girls' basketball, and boys' or girls' soccer.
Injuries and opportunities for injury (exposures) were recorded daily. The definition of reportable injury used in the study required that certified athletic trainers evaluate the injured players and subsequently restrict them from participation.
Football had the highest injury rate per 1000 athlete- exposures at 8.1, and volleyball had the lowest rate at 1.7. Only boys' (59.3%) and girls' (57.0%) soccer showed a larger proportion of reported injuries for games than practices, while volleyball was the only sport to demonstrate a higher injury rate per 1000 athlete-exposures for practices than for games. More than 73% of the injuries restricted players for fewer than 8 days. The proportion of knee injuries was highest for girls' soccer (19.4%) and lowest for baseball (10.5%). Among the studied sports, sprains and strains accounted for more than 50% of the injuries, except in field hockey (45.7%). Of the injuries requiring surgery, 60.3% were to the knee.
An inherent risk of injury is associated with participation in high school sports based on the nature of the game and the activities of the players. Therefore, injury prevention programs should be in place for both practices and games. Preventing reinjury through daily injury management is a critical component of an injury prevention program. Although sports injuries cannot be entirely eliminated, consistent and professional evaluation of yearly injury patterns can provide focus for the development and evaluation of injury prevention strategies.
通过比较运动项目的损伤相对频率和特定损伤率，以及各运动项目的参与条件，来描述 10 种常见高中运动项目的损伤风险。
这是一项针对高中运动员的队列观察性研究，使用监测方案，由认证的运动训练师在 1995 年至 1997 学年期间记录数据。
列入学校校队名单的足球、摔跤、棒球、曲棍球、垒球、女子排球、男女篮球和男女足球运动员。
每天记录受伤情况和受伤机会（暴露）。本研究中使用的报告损伤定义要求认证的运动训练师评估受伤运动员，并随后限制他们参与。
足球的损伤率最高，每 1000 名运动员暴露的损伤率为 8.1，而排球的损伤率最低，为 1.7。只有男（59.3%）女（57.0%）足球比赛的报告损伤比例大于练习，而排球是唯一一项练习的损伤率高于比赛的运动。超过 73%的损伤限制运动员的时间不到 8 天。女足球运动员的膝关节损伤比例最高（19.4%），棒球运动员的最低（10.5%）。在所研究的运动中，扭伤和拉伤占损伤的 50%以上，除曲棍球（45.7%）外。需要手术的损伤中，60.3%是膝关节损伤。
根据比赛性质和运动员活动，参加高中体育比赛存在固有损伤风险。因此，应针对练习和比赛制定损伤预防计划。通过日常损伤管理预防再损伤是损伤预防计划的关键组成部分。虽然运动损伤无法完全避免，但对每年损伤模式的持续和专业评估可以为损伤预防策略的制定和评估提供重点。
