Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences; University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2015 Jan 1;20(4):644-88. doi: 10.2741/4329.
The development of different molecular biology techniques in the past decade has led to an explosion of new research in molecular pathology with consequent important applications to diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics, as well as a clearer concept of the disease pathogenesis. Many methods used in molecular pathology are now validated and used in several areas of pathological diagnosis, particularly on infectious and neoplastic diseases. The spectrum of infectious diseases, especially lung infective diseases, is now broadening and modifying, thus the pathologist is increasingly involved in the diagnosis of these pathologies. The precise tissue characterization of lung infections has an important impact on specific therapeutic treatment. Increased knowledge of significant alterations in lung cancer has led today to a better understanding of the pathogenic substrate underlying the development, progression and metastasis of neoplastic processes. Molecular tests are now routinely performed in different lung tumors allowing a more precise patient stratification in terms of prognosis and therapy. This review focuses on molecular pathology of the principal infective lung diseases and tumors.
过去十年中，不同分子生物学技术的发展使得分子病理学领域的新研究呈爆炸式增长，继而对诊断、预后和治疗产生了重要影响，也使人们对疾病发病机制有了更清晰的认识。目前，许多在分子病理学中使用的方法已经得到验证，并在病理诊断的多个领域得到应用，尤其是在感染性和肿瘤性疾病方面。传染病的范围，特别是肺部感染性疾病，正在不断扩大和改变，因此病理学家越来越多地参与这些疾病的诊断。肺部感染的精确组织特征对特定的治疗方法有重要影响。对肺癌中重要改变的认识不断提高，使人们对肿瘤发生、发展和转移的潜在发病机制有了更好的理解。目前，不同类型的肺部肿瘤都在进行常规的分子检测，这使得可以根据预后和治疗对患者进行更精确的分层。本文重点介绍主要感染性肺部疾病和肿瘤的分子病理学。
