Leiva-Salinas Maria, Marin-Cabanas Irene, Betlloch Isabel, Tesfasmariam Abraham, Reyes Francisco, Belinchon Isabel, Ramos José Manuel
Department of Dermatology, Alicante General University Hospital, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Gambo General Rural Hospital, Gambo, Koma Sade, Kore, Ethiopia.
Int J Dermatol. 2015 Jul;54(7):800-5. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12691. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
Skin diseases, especially tinea capitis, represent some of the most frequent causes of morbidity in developing countries. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalences of fungal infections in schoolchildren in a primary school located in a rural area in southern Ethiopia and to perform an analysis of the risk factors associated with tinea capitis.
This school-based, prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2012 in Gambo School, Kore, West Arsi, Oromya Region, Ethiopia. Detailed interviews and dermatological examinations were performed. No laboratory examinations were conducted.
A total of 647 students were interviewed and examined. The mean age of these children was 10 years (range: 4-14 years). Of the children examined, 236 had some type of dermatophytosis (prevalence: 36.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 32.8-40.3), which represented the most frequent type of skin problem. The prevalence of dermatophytoses was more common in males than in females (42.2% and 30.5%, respectively; P = 0.002), and among pupils aged 5-7 years (46.9%; P < 0.001). A total of 159 (prevalence: 24.6%, 95% CI 21.3-28.1) children had tinea capitis, 56 (8.7%) had tinea pedis, 50 (7.7%) had tinea corporis, and six (0.9%) had tinea unguium. In multivariate analysis, the risk factors for tinea capitis were: age (odds ratio [OR] 0.75, 95% CI 0.69-0.84; P < 0.001), and male gender (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.69-13.39; P = 0.002).
Fungal dermatoses, especially tinea capitis, are common in primary schoolchildren in rural areas of southern Ethiopia, especially in young boys.
皮肤疾病，尤其是头癣，是发展中国家一些最常见的发病原因。本研究的目的是调查埃塞俄比亚南部农村地区一所小学学龄儿童的真菌感染患病率，并分析与头癣相关的危险因素。
2012年10月在埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州西阿尔西科雷的甘博学校开展了这项基于学校的前瞻性横断面研究。进行了详细访谈和皮肤科检查。未进行实验室检查。
共对647名学生进行了访谈和检查。这些儿童的平均年龄为10岁（范围：4至14岁）。在接受检查的儿童中，236人患有某种类型的皮肤癣菌病（患病率：36.5%，95%置信区间[CI]32.8 - 40.3），这是最常见的皮肤问题类型。皮肤癣菌病在男性中比女性更常见（分别为42.2%和30.5%；P = 0.002），在5至7岁的学生中也更为常见（46.9%；P < 0.001）。共有159名儿童（患病率：24.6%，95%CI 21.3 - 28.1）患有头癣，56名（8.7%）患有足癣，50名（7.7%）患有体癣，6名（0.9%）患有甲癣。在多变量分析中，头癣的危险因素为：年龄（比值比[OR]0.75，95%CI 0.69 - 0.84；P < 0.001）和男性性别（OR 2.56，95%CI 1.69 - 13.39；P = 0.002）。
真菌性皮肤病，尤其是头癣，在埃塞俄比亚南部农村地区的小学生中很常见，尤其是在年幼男孩中。
