渐进性肌肉松弛法对护生考试焦虑的影响。
The effect of progressive muscle relaxation method on test anxiety in nursing students.
作者信息
Zargarzadeh Maryam, Shirazi Maryam
机构信息
Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Health and Nursing Management, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2014 Nov;19(6):607-12.
BACKGROUND
Concerning the prevalence of test anxiety among nursing students and presence of stress in nursing education years, this study was conducted to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation method on test anxiety among nursing students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2013.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in three stages on 49 male and female nursing students divided into two groups (study and control). In the pre-test stage, demographic data and Sarason anxiety questionnaires were filled by 94 students (of terms 3 and 4). Then, in the intervention stage, the students having test anxiety were assigned to two groups (study and control), and the progressive muscle relaxation method was performed in the experiment group in four sessions. Then, the students did this method two times a day until final exams, immediately following which they filled the self-reported checklists. On the first day of the final exams, test anxiety questionnaire was filled by the two groups again. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical tests, i.e. χ(2), paired t-test, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, using SPSS 18.
RESULTS
Independent t-test showed a significant difference in the mean scores of test anxiety after intervention between the two groups of study and control (P = 0.00), but this difference was not significant before intervention (P = 0.76). Also, in the study group, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of test anxiety before and after intervention (P = 0.00), but this difference was not significant in the control group (P = 0.09). Mann-Whitney test showed no significant difference in categorization of test anxiety scores before intervention in the study and control groups (P = 0.60), but the difference was significant after intervention (P = 0.00). Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in categorization of test anxiety scores in the study group before and after intervention (P = 0.00), but the difference was not significant in the control group (P = 0.083).
CONCLUSIONS
Generally, the results showed that performing progressive muscle relaxation method was effective in reducing test anxiety among nursing students. It is suggested to conduct educational programs concerning this method in the faculties of nursing to decrease the test anxiety of nursing students.
背景
鉴于护理专业学生中考试焦虑的普遍程度以及护理教育阶段存在的压力，本研究旨在确定渐进性肌肉松弛法对2013年伊斯法罕医科大学护理专业学生考试焦虑的影响。
材料与方法
这是一项准实验研究，分三个阶段对49名男女护理专业学生进行，分为两组（研究组和对照组）。在预测试阶段，94名学生（三年级和四年级）填写了人口统计学数据和萨拉森焦虑问卷。然后，在干预阶段，将有考试焦虑的学生分为两组（研究组和对照组），实验组进行了四节渐进性肌肉松弛法课程。然后，学生们每天进行两次该方法，直到期末考试，紧接着期末考试后他们填写了自我报告清单。在期末考试的第一天，两组再次填写考试焦虑问卷。使用SPSS 18统计软件，通过χ(2)检验、配对t检验、独立样本t检验、曼-惠特尼检验和威尔科克森检验对收集的数据进行分析。
结果
独立t检验显示，研究组和对照组干预后考试焦虑平均得分存在显著差异（P = 0.00），但干预前差异不显著（P = 0.76）。此外，研究组干预前后考试焦虑平均得分存在显著差异（P = 0.00），但对照组差异不显著（P = 0.09）。曼-惠特尼检验显示，研究组和对照组干预前考试焦虑得分分类无显著差异（P = 0.60），但干预后差异显著（P = 0.00）。威尔科克森检验显示，研究组干预前后考试焦虑得分分类存在显著差异（P = 0.00），但对照组差异不显著（P = 0.083）。
结论
总体而言，结果表明进行渐进性肌肉松弛法对降低护理专业学生的考试焦虑有效。建议在护理学院开展有关该方法的教育项目，以降低护理专业学生的考试焦虑。
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