Kramer Nicole M, Johnson Nicole L, Johnson Dawn M
a Department of Psychology , The University of Akron , 290 East Buchtel Ave., 44325-4301 , Akron , OH , USA.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2015;28(6):601-16. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2014.1000879. Epub 2015 Jan 29.
Research suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are two common mental health problems in intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. Research has found that while Black women consistently report higher rates of victimization than White women, they also report less severe PTSD and depressive symptoms, suggesting that Black IPV survivors might be more resilient to PTSD and depression than are White survivors.
We implemented a correlational study with 81 Black and 100 White female survivors of IPV to determine if John Henryism (JH; i.e., a predisposed active coping mechanism) contributes to the resilience observed in Black IPV survivors.
Participants completed the John Henryism Active Coping Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Davidson Trauma Scale, and the Abusive Behavior Inventory.
Results demonstrated that White woman endorsed more severe depressive symptoms as compared to Black women. Severity of PTSD symptoms and JH was not significantly different between races. JH did not moderate the relationship between race and depression; however, for PTSD, JH was found to be protective of PTSD in White women, while demonstrating little impact on Black women.
The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the minority stress model.
研究表明，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁症是亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）幸存者中常见的两种心理健康问题。研究发现，虽然黑人女性遭受侵害的比例始终高于白人女性，但她们报告的PTSD和抑郁症状也较轻，这表明黑人IPV幸存者可能比白人幸存者对PTSD和抑郁症更具复原力。
我们对81名黑人女性和100名白人女性IPV幸存者进行了一项相关性研究，以确定约翰·亨利主义（JH；即一种预先存在的积极应对机制）是否有助于解释在黑人IPV幸存者中观察到的复原力。
参与者完成了约翰·亨利主义积极应对量表、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表、戴维森创伤量表和虐待行为量表。
结果表明，与黑人女性相比，白人女性认可更严重的抑郁症状。不同种族之间，PTSD症状的严重程度和JH没有显著差异。JH并没有调节种族与抑郁之间的关系；然而，对于PTSD，JH被发现对白人女性的PTSD有保护作用，而对黑人女性几乎没有影响。
这些发现的意义将根据少数群体压力模型进行讨论。
