Purification and characterization of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from bovine spermatozoa.

1. The distribution of phosphatidylinositol3, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis or phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), activity in the bull reproductive system showed the highest specific activity in the isolated spermatozoa (SZ) followed by testis and different epididymal segments. Both the head and tail fractions of SZ were active. 2. The optimal solubilization of the enzyme from SZ was obtained with 0.2% Triton X-100 or at 0.05% detergent concentration when combined with a 60 sec sonication. The sucrose gradient centrifugation showed that PI-PLC was enriched in membrane fraction distinct from mitochondria and acrosomes. 3. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and fractionations by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, gel filtration, Con A-Sepharose affinity and chromatofocusing columns. The purified enzyme was able to hydrolyse all phosphatidylinositol substrates with optimum at pH 7.0 and activation by Ca2+, Cd2+ and Mn2+ but not phospholipids lacking the inositol residue. 4. In PAGE (8-25% gradient) the purified (aggregated) enzyme did not enter the gel. In SDS-PAGE two closely located bands were found with Mr-values of 15,000 and 18,000. Isoelectric focusing showed a wide band at pl 4.5-5.1. 5. Gel filtration resulted in a broad elution peak indicating multiple molecular forms (aggregates); the basic form had an apparent molecular weight of 100,000. The binding of the enzyme to Con A-Sepharose indicated that the enzyme is a glycoprotein.