Kraus F, Hagen R
Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen der Universität Würzburg.
Laryngorhinootologie. 2015 Sep;94(9):596-600. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1395522. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
The use of cotton swabs is well known as a cause of a traumatic membrane perforation. More reasons are known. A detailed description of the aetiology and therapy in Germany does not exist. The treatment consist of a readaptation of the perforation an splinting of the tympanic membrane with paper sheets or silicon foils.
238 patients with an acute tympanic membrane perforation were included in this retrospective study. They were treated between 2005 and 2010.
The mean causes of a traumatic tympanic membrane perforation were slaps with the open hand (37.4%), the use of a cotton swab (19.3%) and high diving (13.0%). The perforations have been splinted with paper sheets or silicon foils. The rate of complete wound closure after splinting with different materials are comparable (71.9% and 81.8%). The side effects are low.
This is the first study about the aetiology of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations in Germany. There is no statistic difference between the 2 materials for tympanic membrane splinting. A traumatic tympanic membrane perforation should be treatet at least to improve the air conduction threshold.
众所周知，使用棉棒是导致鼓膜外伤性穿孔的一个原因。还有其他更多原因。德国目前尚无关于病因及治疗的详细描述。治疗方法包括使穿孔重新愈合，并用纸片或硅箔对鼓膜进行夹板固定。
本回顾性研究纳入了238例急性鼓膜穿孔患者。他们于2005年至2010年期间接受治疗。
外伤性鼓膜穿孔的主要原因依次为用手掌掴打（37.4%）、使用棉棒（19.3%）和高台跳水（13.0%）。穿孔已用纸片或硅箔进行夹板固定。使用不同材料夹板固定后的完全伤口闭合率相当（分别为71.9%和81.8%）。副作用较少。
这是德国关于外伤性鼓膜穿孔病因的第一项研究。两种鼓膜夹板固定材料之间无统计学差异。外伤性鼓膜穿孔至少应进行治疗以改善气导阈值。
