Johnson Darren W, Christie Mark R, Moye Jessica, Hixon Mark A
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR, USA.
Evol Appl. 2011 Sep;4(5):621-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00185.x. Epub 2011 Apr 2.
Correlated genetic responses have been hypothesized as important components of fishery-induced evolution, although predictive data from wild populations have been difficult to obtain. Here, we demonstrate substantial genetic correlations between a trait often subjected to fishery selection (adult body length) and traits that affect survival of larvae (length and swimming performance) in a wild population of a marine fish (bicolor damselfish, Stegastes partitus). Through both genetic covariance and size-dependent maternal effects, selection on adult size may cause a considerable, correlated response in larval traits. To quantify how variation in larval traits may affect survival, we introduce a flexible method that uses information from selection measurements to account for frequency dependence and estimate the relationship between phenotype and relative survival across a broad range of phenotypic values. Using this method, we synthesize studies of selective mortality on larval size for eight species of fish and show that variation in larval size may result in considerable variation in larval survival. We predict that observed rates of fishery selection on adult marine fishes may substantially reduce larval size and survival. The evolution of smaller larvae in response to fishery selection may therefore have substantial consequences for the viability of fished populations.
相关的遗传反应被认为是渔业诱导进化的重要组成部分，尽管来自野生种群的预测数据很难获得。在此，我们证明了在一种海洋鱼类（双色雀鲷，Stegastes partitus）的野生种群中，一个经常受到渔业选择的性状（成年体长）与影响幼体生存的性状（体长和游泳能力）之间存在显著的遗传相关性。通过遗传协方差和大小依赖的母体效应，对成年个体大小的选择可能会在幼体性状上引起相当大的相关反应。为了量化幼体性状的变异如何影响生存，我们引入了一种灵活的方法，该方法利用选择测量的信息来考虑频率依赖性，并估计在广泛的表型值范围内表型与相对生存之间的关系。使用这种方法，我们综合了对八种鱼类幼体大小的选择性死亡的研究，并表明幼体大小的变异可能导致幼体生存的显著差异。我们预测，观察到的对成年海洋鱼类的渔业选择率可能会大幅降低幼体大小和生存。因此，为响应渔业选择而出现的较小幼体的进化可能会对被捕捞种群的生存能力产生重大影响。
