Nefic Hilada, Musanovic Jasmin, Metovic Azra, Kurteshi Kemajl
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department for Biology and Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Med Arch. 2013 Dec;67(6):388-92. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2013.67.388-392.
Alprazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine used in panic disorders and other anxiety states. Target organ of Alprazolam is CNS, causing depression of respiration and consciousness.
This study aimed to estimate the genotoxic potential of Alprazolam using Allium cepa test.
Allium cepa is one of the most suitable plants for detecting different types of xenobiotics. The test enables the assessment of different genetic endpoints making possible damage to the DNA of humans to be predicted.
Alprazolam induced chromosomal (anaphase bridges, breaks, lagging and stickiness, abnormal spiralisation, multipolarity and polyploidy) and cytological aberrations, especially nuclear alterations (nuclear buds, fragmented nucleus and apoptotic bodies, cells without nucleus, binucleated and micronucleated cells), morphological alterations in shape and size of cells, spindle disturbance and polar deviation in root tip meristem cells of Allium cepa at all tested concentrations. Alprazolam also caused significant inhibition of mitotic index in these cells.
These changes in cells are indicators of genotoxic potential of Alprazolam suggesting a need for further in vitro studies on animal and human lymphocytes as well as in vivo studies.
阿普唑仑是一种三唑并苯二氮䓬类药物，用于治疗恐慌症和其他焦虑状态。阿普唑仑的靶器官是中枢神经系统，可导致呼吸和意识抑制。
本研究旨在使用洋葱根尖试验评估阿普唑仑的遗传毒性潜力。
洋葱是检测不同类型外源性物质最合适的植物之一。该试验能够评估不同的遗传终点，从而有可能预测对人类DNA的损伤。
在所有测试浓度下，阿普唑仑均可诱导洋葱根尖分生组织细胞出现染色体异常（后期桥、断裂、滞后和粘连、异常螺旋化、多极性和多倍体）以及细胞学异常，尤其是核改变（核芽、核碎裂和凋亡小体、无核细胞、双核细胞和微核细胞）、细胞形状和大小的形态学改变、纺锤体紊乱和极性偏差。阿普唑仑还可显著抑制这些细胞的有丝分裂指数。
细胞中的这些变化是阿普唑仑遗传毒性潜力的指标，表明需要进一步对动物和人类淋巴细胞进行体外研究以及体内研究。
