Varona-Moya Sergio, Morís Joaquín, Luque David
aDepartment of Electronic Technology bInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga cDepartment of Basic Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain dSchool of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Neuroreport. 2015 Feb 11;26(3):152-6. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000317.
The neural response to positive and negative feedback differs in their event-related potentials. Most often this difference is interpreted as the result of a negative voltage deflection after negative feedback. This deflection has been referred to as the feedback-related negativity component. The reinforcement learning model of the feedback-related negativity establishes that this component reflects an error monitoring process aimed to increase behavior adjustment progressively. However, a recent proposal suggests that the difference observed is actually due to a positivity reflecting the rewarding value of positive feedbacks - that is, the reward positivity component (RewP). From this it follows that RewP could be found even in the absence of any action-monitoring processes. We tested this prediction by means of an experiment in which visual target stimuli were intermixed with nontarget stimuli. Three types of targets signaled money gains, money losses, or the absence of either money gain or money loss, respectively. No motor response was required. Event-related potential analyses showed a central positivity in a 270-370 ms time window that was elicited by target stimuli signaling money gains, as compared with both stimuli signaling losses and no-gain/no-loss neutral stimuli. This is the first evidence to show that RewP is obtained when stimuli with rewarding values are passively perceived.
对正负反馈的神经反应在其事件相关电位上有所不同。这种差异通常被解释为负反馈后负电压偏转的结果。这种偏转被称为反馈相关负性成分。反馈相关负性的强化学习模型表明，该成分反映了一个旨在逐步增加行为调整的错误监测过程。然而，最近的一项提议表明，观察到的差异实际上是由于反映正反馈奖励价值的正性——即奖励正性成分（RewP）。由此可见，即使在没有任何动作监测过程的情况下也能发现RewP。我们通过一项实验来检验这一预测，在该实验中，视觉目标刺激与非目标刺激混合出现。三种类型的目标分别表示金钱收益、金钱损失或既无金钱收益也无金钱损失。不需要做出运动反应。事件相关电位分析显示，与表示损失的刺激和无收益/无损失中性刺激相比，在270 - 370毫秒的时间窗口内，由表示金钱收益的目标刺激引发了中央正性。这是第一个证据表明，当被动感知具有奖励价值的刺激时会获得RewP。
