Ginat Daniel T, Robson Caroline D
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA,
Pediatr Radiol. 2015 Jul;45(7):1056-65. doi: 10.1007/s00247-014-3239-y. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
Congenital malformations of the nose can be associated with a variety of syndromes, including solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome, CHARGE syndrome, Bosma syndrome, median cleft face syndrome, PHACES association, Bartsocas-Papas syndrome, Binder syndrome, duplication of the pituitary gland-plus syndrome and syndromic craniosynsotosis (e.g., Apert and Crouzon syndromes) among other craniofacial syndromes. Imaging with CT and MRI plays an important role in characterizing the nasal anomalies as well as the associated brain and cerebrovascular lesions, which can be explained by the intimate developmental relationship between the face and intracranial structures, as well as certain gene mutations. These conditions have characteristic imaging findings, which are reviewed in this article.
鼻先天性畸形可与多种综合征相关，包括孤立性上颌中切牙综合征、CHARGE综合征、博斯马综合征、面正中裂综合征、PHACES综合征、巴托卡斯 - 帕帕斯综合征、宾德综合征、垂体重复加综合征以及综合征性颅缝早闭（如阿佩尔综合征和克鲁宗综合征）等其他颅面综合征。CT和MRI成像在明确鼻畸形以及相关的脑和脑血管病变方面起着重要作用，这可以通过面部与颅内结构之间密切的发育关系以及某些基因突变来解释。这些病症具有特征性的影像学表现，本文将对此进行综述。
