Vieluf Solveig, Godde Ben, Reuter Eva-Maria, Temprado Jean-Jacques, Voelcker-Rehage Claudia
a Jacobs Center on Lifelong Learning and Institutional Development , Jacobs University Bremen , Germany.
J Mot Behav. 2015;47(1):57-72. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2014.981499.
The authors examined age-related differences in fine motor control during a bimanual coordination task. The task required the modulation of fingertip forces in the precision grip according to a visually presented sinusoidal antiphase pattern (force range 2-12 N; frequency 0.2 Hz). Thirty-four right-handed participants of three age groups (young, early middle-aged, and late middle-aged) practiced 30 trials of the task. Accuracy and variability of relative timing and relative forces at minima and maxima of the sine wave were analyzed for hand-hand and hand-stimulus couplings and compared between age groups. Analysis showed for relative timing and force weaker hand-hand than hand-stimulus coupling as well as lower accuracy and higher variability for minima as compared to maxima. Further, we analyzed practice effects by comparing the first and last trials and characterized the course of practice by detecting the transition of a steeper to a shallower acquisition slope for the different age groups. Late middle-aged participants demonstrated poorer performance than both other groups for all parameters. All groups improved performance to a similar amount. However, an age-related difference in acquisition strategy is visible. Late middle-aged participants seemed to have focused on improvement of force amplitude, whereas young and early middle-aged focused on timing.
作者们研究了在双手协调任务中精细运动控制方面与年龄相关的差异。该任务要求根据视觉呈现的正弦反相模式（力范围为2 - 12牛；频率为0.2赫兹）来调节精确抓握时的指尖力。三个年龄组（青年、中年早期和中年晚期）的34名右利手参与者进行了30次该任务的练习。针对手 - 手和手 - 刺激耦合，分析了正弦波最小值和最大值处相对时间和相对力的准确性及变异性，并在各年龄组之间进行了比较。分析表明，相对时间和力方面，手 - 手耦合比手 - 刺激耦合弱，且最小值处的准确性低于最大值，变异性高于最大值。此外，我们通过比较第一次和最后一次试验分析了练习效果，并通过检测不同年龄组从较陡到较平缓的习得斜率转变来描述练习过程。中年晚期参与者在所有参数上的表现均比其他两组差。所有组的表现都有相似程度的提高。然而，在习得策略上存在与年龄相关的差异。中年晚期参与者似乎专注于力幅的改善，而青年和中年早期参与者则专注于时间控制。
