Olds Cristen, Oghalai John S
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5739, USA.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2015 Feb;20(1):42-46. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2014.12.006. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Hyperbilirubinemia occurs commonly in neonates and is usually mild and transient, with no long-lasting sequelae. However, bilirubin-induced neurologic damage may occur in some infants. The auditory pathway is the most sensitive part of the central nervous system to bilirubin-induced toxicity, and permanent sequelae may result from only moderately elevated total serum/plasma bilirubin levels. The damage to the auditory system occurs primarily within the brainstem and cranial nerve VIII, and manifests clinically as auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.
高胆红素血症在新生儿中很常见，通常症状轻微且为一过性，不会留下长期后遗症。然而，一些婴儿可能会发生胆红素诱导的神经损伤。听觉通路是中枢神经系统中对胆红素诱导的毒性最敏感的部分，仅血清/血浆总胆红素水平适度升高就可能导致永久性后遗症。听觉系统的损伤主要发生在脑干和第八对脑神经，临床上表现为听觉神经病谱系障碍。
