Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Institute de Gustave Roussy Service, Paris, France.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2015 Apr;33:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.12.010. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Cancer immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving field that offers a novel paradigm for cancer treatment: therapies focus on enhancing the immune system's innate and adaptive anti-tumor response. Early immunotherapeutics have achieved impressive clinical outcomes and monoclonal antibodies are now integral to therapeutic strategies in a variety of cancers. However, only recently have antibodies targeting innate immune cells entered clinical development. Innate immune effector cells play important roles in generating and maintaining antitumor immunity. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) are important innate immune mechanisms for tumor eradication. These cytolytic processes are initiated by the detection of a tumor-targeting antibody and can be augmented by activating co-stimulatory pathways or blocking inhibitory signals on innate immune cells. The combination of FDA-approved monoclonal antibodies with innate effector-targeting antibodies has demonstrated potent preclinical therapeutic synergy and early-phase combinatorial clinical trials are ongoing.
癌症免疫疗法是一个快速发展的领域,为癌症治疗提供了一个新的范例:治疗方法侧重于增强免疫系统的先天和适应性抗肿瘤反应。早期的免疫疗法已经取得了令人印象深刻的临床效果,单克隆抗体现在已经成为各种癌症治疗策略的重要组成部分。然而,直到最近,靶向先天免疫细胞的抗体才进入临床开发阶段。先天免疫效应细胞在产生和维持抗肿瘤免疫方面发挥着重要作用。抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性 (ADCC) 和抗体依赖性细胞吞噬作用 (ADCP) 是肿瘤清除的重要先天免疫机制。这些细胞溶解过程是通过检测靶向肿瘤的抗体启动的,并可以通过激活先天免疫细胞的共刺激途径或阻断抑制信号来增强。已批准的 FDA 单克隆抗体与先天效应细胞靶向抗体联合使用已经显示出强大的临床前治疗协同作用,并且正在进行早期组合临床试验。
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