Outpatient diagnosis and treatment of AIDS-related pulmonary infections.

A large number and variety of organisms can infect the lungs of persons with AIDS. An abnormal chest X-ray associated with pulmonary symptoms should trigger a vigorous search for an infectious agent. In many cases, if the patient is ambulatory, the workup can proceed on an outpatient basis. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common infection and also one of the most readily treatable illnesses that these patients encounter. A careful and considered diagnostic approach is necessary to conserve the time and resources of both patients and healthcare providers.