Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 (USA), (O.M.Y.); King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442 (Saudi Arabia).
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2015 Mar 9;54(11):3417-30. doi: 10.1002/anie.201410252. Epub 2015 Jan 13.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are constructed by linking inorganic units with organic linkers to make extended networks. Though more than 20 000 MOF structures have been reported most of these are ordered and largely composed of a limited number of different kinds building units, and very few have multiple different building units (heterogeneous). Although heterogeneity and multiplicity is a fundamental characteristic of biological systems, very few synthetic materials incorporate heterogeneity without losing crystalline order. Thus, the question arises: how do we introduce heterogeneity into MOFs without losing their ordered structure? This Review outlines strategies for varying the building units within both the backbone of the MOF and its pores to produce the heterogeneity that is sought after. The impact this heterogeneity imparts on the properties of a MOF is highlighted. We also provide an update on the MOF industry as part of this themed issue for the 150th anniversary of BASF.
金属-有机框架（MOFs）是通过连接无机单元和有机连接体来构建的，以形成扩展网络。尽管已经报道了超过 20000 种 MOF 结构，但其中大多数是有序的，并且主要由有限数量的不同种类的构建单元组成，很少有具有多种不同构建单元（异质）的 MOF。尽管异质性和多样性是生物系统的基本特征，但很少有合成材料在不失去晶体有序性的情况下引入异质性。因此，问题来了：我们如何在不失去 MOF 有序结构的情况下将异质性引入其中？这篇综述概述了在 MOF 的骨架及其孔隙内改变构建单元的策略，以产生所需的异质性。强调了这种异质性对 MOF 性质的影响。作为巴斯夫 150 周年纪念特刊的一部分，我们还提供了 MOF 行业的最新情况。
