Wild Peter, Leisinger Sabine, de Oliveira Anna Paula, Schraner Elisabeth M, Kaech Andres, Ackermann Mathias, Tobler Kurt
Institute of Veterinar Anatomy, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Institute of Virology, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Viruses. 2015 Jan 12;7(1):52-71. doi: 10.3390/v7010052.
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) capsids are assembled in the nucleus bud at the inner nuclear membrane into the perinuclear space, acquiring envelope and tegument. In theory, these virions are de-enveloped by fusion of the envelope with the outer nuclear membrane and re-enveloped by Golgi membranes to become infective. Us3 enables the nucleus to cytoplasm capsid translocation. Nevertheless, Us3 is not essential for the production of infective progeny viruses. Determination of phenotype distribution by quantitative electron microscopy, and calculation per mean nuclear or cell volume revealed the following: (i) The number of R7041(∆US3) capsids budding at the inner nuclear membrane was significantly higher than that of wild type HSV-1; (ii) The mean number of R7041(∆US3) virions per mean cell volume was 2726, that of HSV-1 virions 1460 by 24 h post inoculation; (iii) 98% of R7041(∆US3) virions were in the perinuclear space; (iv) The number of R7041(∆US3) capsids in the cytoplasm, including those budding at Golgi membranes, was significantly reduced. Cell associated R7041(∆US3) yields were 2.37×10(8) and HSV-1 yields 1.57×10(8) PFU/mL by 24 h post inoculation. We thus conclude that R7041(∆US3) virions, which acquire envelope and tegument by budding at the inner nuclear membrane into the perinuclear space, are infective.
单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV - 1）的衣壳在细胞核内组装，在内核膜处出芽进入核周间隙，获取包膜和衣壳外附属物。理论上，这些病毒粒子通过包膜与外核膜融合而脱壳，并通过高尔基体膜重新包膜以变得具有感染性。Us3能使衣壳从细胞核转运至细胞质。然而，Us3对于感染性子代病毒的产生并非必不可少。通过定量电子显微镜确定表型分布，并按平均核体积或细胞体积进行计算，结果如下：（i）R7041（∆US3）在内核膜处出芽的衣壳数量显著高于野生型HSV - 1；（ii）接种后24小时，每平均细胞体积中R7041（∆US3）病毒粒子的平均数为2726个，HSV - 1病毒粒子为1460个；（iii）98%的R7041（∆US3）病毒粒子位于核周间隙；（iv）细胞质中R7041（∆US3）衣壳的数量，包括在高尔基体膜处出芽的衣壳，显著减少。接种后24小时，细胞相关的R7041（∆US3）产量为2.37×10⁸ PFU/mL，HSV - 1产量为1.57×10⁸ PFU/mL。因此，我们得出结论，R7041（∆US3）病毒粒子通过在内核膜处出芽进入核周间隙获取包膜和衣壳外附属物，具有感染性。
