Dadzie K Y, Remme J, Rolland A, Thylefors B
Ochocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Trop Med Parasitol. 1989 Sep;40(3):348-54.
A novel method of analysis was used to describe community patterns of ocular onchocerciasis in relation to the intensity of infection in West African forest villages where S. yahense is the sole vector. The pattern is completely different from that found in the savanna, even after correction for the intensity of infection as measured by the Community Microfilarial Load (CMFL). Lesions of the anterior segment of the eye as well as onchocercal blindness either do not occur or occur only sporadically with increasing CMFL in the Yahense forest whilst a steep linear relation exists between the prevalence of these lesions and the CMFL in the savanna. Lesions of the posterior segment of the eye are also less common in the Yahense forest. For a given skin microfilarial load, the ocular microfilarial load is lower in the Yahense forest. For a given ocular microfilarial load, a lower prevalence of eye lesions is found in the Yahense forest compared to the savanna. It is concluded that microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus in the Yahense forest are less eye invasive than microfilariae from the savanna. Furthermore, they appear to be also less pathogenic to the eye. These findings explain why ocular onchocerciasis is relatively mild in the Yahense forest, in spite of the high intensities of O. volvulus infection in the community.
在西非森林村庄，雅氏罗蚴是盘尾丝虫病的唯一传播媒介，研究人员采用一种全新的分析方法，来描述眼部盘尾丝虫病的社区模式与感染强度之间的关系。即便根据社区微丝蚴负荷（CMFL）对感染强度进行校正后，这种模式与在稀树草原地区发现的模式仍完全不同。在雅氏罗蚴森林地区，随着CMFL的增加，眼前节病变以及盘尾丝虫性盲要么不出现，要么只是偶尔出现，而在稀树草原地区，这些病变的患病率与CMFL之间存在陡峭的线性关系。眼后节病变在雅氏罗蚴森林地区也较少见。对于给定的皮肤微丝蚴负荷，雅氏罗蚴森林地区的眼部微丝蚴负荷较低。对于给定的眼部微丝蚴负荷，与稀树草原地区相比，雅氏罗蚴森林地区眼病变的患病率较低。研究得出结论，雅氏罗蚴森林地区的盘尾丝虫微丝蚴比稀树草原地区的微丝蚴对眼睛的侵袭性更小。此外，它们对眼睛的致病性似乎也更低。这些发现解释了为什么尽管该社区盘尾丝虫感染强度很高，但雅氏罗蚴森林地区的眼部盘尾丝虫病相对较轻。
