风险态度和人格特质可预测药品的收益与风险认知：一项针对欧洲医学评估人员的实地研究。
Risk attitudes and personality traits predict perceptions of benefits and risks for medicinal products: a field study of European medical assessors.
作者信息
Beyer Andrea R, Fasolo Barbara, de Graeff P A, Hillege H L
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; European Medicines Agency, London, UK.
London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
出版信息
Value Health. 2015 Jan;18(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.10.011.
BACKGROUND
Risk attitudes and personality traits are known predictors of decision making among laypersons, but very little is known of their influence among experts participating in organizational decision making.
METHODS
Seventy-five European medical assessors were assessed in a field study using the Domain Specific Risk Taking scale and the Big Five Inventory scale. Assessors rated the risks and benefits for a mock "clinical dossier" specific to their area of expertise, and ordinal regression models were used to assess the odds of risk attitude or personality traits in predicting either the benefit or the risk ratings.
RESULTS
An increase in the "conscientiousness" score predicted an increase in the perception of the drug's benefit, and male assessors gave higher scores for the drug's benefit ratings than did female assessors. Extraverted assessors saw fewer risks, and assessors with a perceived neutral-averse or averse risk profile saw greater risks.
CONCLUSIONS
Medical assessors perceive the benefits and risks of medicines via a complex interplay of the medical situation, their personality traits and even their gender. Further research in this area is needed to determine how these potential biases are managed within the regulatory setting.
背景
风险态度和人格特质是外行人决策的已知预测因素，但对于它们在参与组织决策的专家中的影响却知之甚少。
方法
在一项实地研究中，使用特定领域风险承担量表和大五人格量表对75名欧洲医学评估者进行了评估。评估者对与其专业领域相关的模拟“临床档案”的风险和益处进行评分，并使用有序回归模型评估风险态度或人格特质预测益处评分或风险评分的几率。
结果
“尽责性”得分的增加预示着对药物益处感知的增加，男性评估者对药物益处评分高于女性评估者。外向的评估者看到的风险较少，而具有中性厌恶或厌恶风险特征的评估者看到的风险更大。
结论
医学评估者通过医疗状况、其人格特质甚至性别之间的复杂相互作用来感知药物的益处和风险。需要在该领域进行进一步研究，以确定如何在监管环境中管理这些潜在偏差。
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