Nesse Live L, Berg Kristin, Vestby Lene K
Section for Bacteriology-Aquatic and Terrestrial, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
Section for Bacteriology-Aquatic and Terrestrial, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Mar;81(6):2226-32. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03518-14. Epub 2015 Jan 16.
Polyamines are present in all living cells. In bacteria, polyamines are involved in a variety of functions, including biofilm formation, thus indicating that polyamines may have potential in the control of unwanted biofilm. In the present study, the effects of the polyamines norspermidine and spermidine on biofilms of 10 potentially pathogenic wild-type strains of Escherichia coli serotype O103:H2, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and S. enterica serovar Agona were investigated. We found that exogenously supplied norspermidine and spermidine did not mediate disassembly of preformed biofilm of any of the E. coli and S. enterica strains. However, the polyamines did affect biofilm production. Interestingly, the two species reacted differently to the polyamines. Both polyamines reduced the amount of biofilm formed by E. coli but tended to increase biofilm formation by S. enterica. Whether the effects observed were due to the polyamines specifically targeting biofilm formation, being toxic for the cells, or maybe a combination of the two, is not known. However, there were no indications that the effect was mediated through binding to exopolysaccharides, as earlier suggested for E. coli. Our results indicate that norspermidine and spermidine do not have potential as inhibitors of S. enterica biofilm. Furthermore, we found that the commercial polyamines used contributed to the higher pH of the test medium. Failure to acknowledge and control this important phenomenon may lead to misinterpretation of the results.
多胺存在于所有活细胞中。在细菌中,多胺参与多种功能,包括生物膜形成,这表明多胺在控制有害生物膜方面可能具有潜力。在本研究中,研究了多胺亚精胺和精胺对10株潜在致病性大肠杆菌O103:H2血清型野生型菌株、肠炎沙门氏菌肠炎亚种鼠伤寒血清型菌株和肠炎沙门氏菌阿哥纳血清型菌株生物膜的影响。我们发现,外源提供的亚精胺和精胺不会介导任何大肠杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌菌株预先形成的生物膜的分解。然而,多胺确实会影响生物膜的产生。有趣的是,这两种菌对多胺的反应不同。两种多胺都减少了大肠杆菌形成的生物膜量,但往往会增加肠炎沙门氏菌的生物膜形成。观察到的这些影响是由于多胺特异性靶向生物膜形成、对细胞有毒性,还是两者的结合,尚不清楚。然而,没有迹象表明这种影响是通过与胞外多糖结合介导的,正如之前对大肠杆菌所提出的那样。我们的结果表明,亚精胺和精胺没有作为肠炎沙门氏菌生物膜抑制剂的潜力。此外,我们发现所使用的商业多胺导致测试培养基的pH值升高。未能认识和控制这一重要现象可能会导致对结果的错误解读。