Charlop-Powers Zachary, Owen Jeremy G, Reddy Boojala Vijay B, Ternei Melinda A, Guimarães Denise O, de Frias Ulysses A, Pupo Monica T, Seepe Prudy, Feng Zhiyang, Brady Sean F
Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, United States.
Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-Campus Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Elife. 2015 Jan 19;4:e05048. doi: 10.7554/eLife.05048.
Recent bacterial (meta)genome sequencing efforts suggest the existence of an enormous untapped reservoir of natural-product-encoding biosynthetic gene clusters in the environment. Here we use the pyro-sequencing of PCR amplicons derived from both nonribosomal peptide adenylation domains and polyketide ketosynthase domains to compare biosynthetic diversity in soil microbiomes from around the globe. We see large differences in domain populations from all except the most proximal and biome-similar samples, suggesting that most microbiomes will encode largely distinct collections of bacterial secondary metabolites. Our data indicate a correlation between two factors, geographic distance and biome-type, and the biosynthetic diversity found in soil environments. By assigning reads to known gene clusters we identify hotspots of biomedically relevant biosynthetic diversity. These observations not only provide new insights into the natural world, they also provide a road map for guiding future natural products discovery efforts.
近期的细菌（宏）基因组测序工作表明，环境中存在着大量未开发的天然产物编码生物合成基因簇库。在此，我们对源自非核糖体肽腺苷化结构域和聚酮合酶结构域的PCR扩增子进行焦磷酸测序，以比较全球土壤微生物群落中的生物合成多样性。我们发现，除了距离最近且生物群落类型相似的样本外，其他所有样本的结构域群体都存在很大差异，这表明大多数微生物群落所编码的细菌次级代谢产物集合在很大程度上是不同的。我们的数据表明，地理距离和生物群落类型这两个因素与土壤环境中发现的生物合成多样性之间存在关联。通过将读数分配到已知的基因簇，我们确定了具有生物医学相关性的生物合成多样性热点。这些观察结果不仅为自然界提供了新的见解，也为指导未来天然产物的发现工作提供了路线图。
