Xu Jian-Wei, Liu Hui, Zhang Yu, Guo Xiang-Rui, Wang Jia-Zhi
Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Puer 665000, China; The Fourth Hospital of Baotou Municipality, Inner Mongolia, Baotou, China; Yingjiang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yingjiang China; Tengchong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tengchong, China.
Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Puer 665000, China; The Fourth Hospital of Baotou Municipality, Inner Mongolia, Baotou, China; Yingjiang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yingjiang China; Tengchong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tengchong, China
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Mar;92(3):546-51. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0321. Epub 2015 Jan 19.
A retrospective case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for border malaria in a malaria elimination setting of Yunnan Province, China. The study comprised 214 cases and 428 controls. The controls were individually matched to the cases on the basis of residence, age, and gender. In addition, statistical associations are based on matched analyses. The frequencies of imported, male, adult, and vivax malaria cases were respectively 201 (93.9%), 194 (90.7%), 210 (98.1%), and 176 (82.2%). Overnight stay in Myanmar within the prior month was independently associated with malaria infection (odds ratio [OR] 159.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 75.1-338.9). In particular, stays in lowland and foothill (OR 5.5, 95% CI 2.5-11.8) or mid-hill (OR 42.8, 95% CI 5.1-319.8) areas, or near streamlets (OR 15.3, 95% CI 4.3-55.2) or paddy field or pools (OR10.1, 95% CI 4.4-55.8) were found to be independently associated with malaria. Neither forest exposure nor use of vector control measures was associated with malaria. In conclusion, travel to lowland and foothill or mid-hill hyperendemic areas, especially along the waterside in Myanmar, was found to be the highest risk factor for malaria. In considering the limitations of the study, further investigations are needed to identify the major determinants of malaria risk and develop new strategies for malaria elimination on China-Myanmar border.
在中国云南省疟疾消除地区开展了一项回顾性病例对照研究，以确定边境疟疾的危险因素。该研究包括214例病例和428例对照。对照根据居住地、年龄和性别与病例进行个体匹配。此外，统计关联基于匹配分析。输入性、男性、成人和间日疟病例的频率分别为201例（93.9%）、194例（90.7%）、210例（98.1%）和176例（82.2%）。前一个月内在缅甸过夜与疟疾感染独立相关（比值比[OR]159.5，95%置信区间[CI]75.1 - 338.9）。特别是，在低地和山麓（OR 5.5，95% CI 2.5 - 11.8）或中山地区（OR 42.8，95% CI 5.1 - 319.8）停留，或靠近小溪（OR 15.3，95% CI 4.3 - 55.2）或稻田或池塘（OR 10.1，95% CI 4.4 - 55.8）被发现与疟疾独立相关。森林暴露和使用病媒控制措施均与疟疾无关。总之，前往低地和山麓或中山高流行地区，特别是缅甸沿水地区，被发现是疟疾的最高危险因素。考虑到该研究的局限性，需要进一步调查以确定疟疾风险的主要决定因素，并制定中国 - 缅甸边境疟疾消除的新策略。
