Chao Jamie, Chai Toby C
Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Ave., PO Box 208085, New Haven, CT, 06519-8058, USA.
Curr Urol Rep. 2015 Feb;16(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11934-014-0474-6.
Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) was recently recognized as a subspecialty by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). FPMRS treats female pelvic disorders (FPD) including pelvic organ prolapse (POP), urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence (FI), lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), lower urinary tract infections (UTI), pelvic pain, and female sexual dysfunction (FSD). These conditions affect large numbers of individuals, resulting in significant patient, societal, medical, and financial burdens. Given that treatments utilize both medical and surgical approaches, areas of research in FPD necessarily cover a gamut of topics, ranging from mechanistically driven basic science research to randomized controlled trials. While basic science research is slow to impact clinical care, transformational changes in a field occur through basic investigations. On the other hand, clinical research yields incremental changes to clinical care. Basic research intends to change understanding whereas clinical research intends to change practice. However, the best approach is to incorporate both basic and clinical research into a translational program which makes new discoveries and effects positive changes to clinical practice. This review examines current research in FPD, with focus on translational potential, and ponders the future of FPD research. With a goal of improving the care and outcomes in patients with FPD, a strategic collaboration of stakeholders (patients, advocacy groups, physicians, researchers, professional medical associations, legislators, governmental biomedical research agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and medical device companies) is an absolute requirement in order to generate funding needed for FPD translational research.
女性盆底医学与重建外科(FPMRS)最近被美国医学专业委员会(ABMS)认可为一个亚专业。FPMRS治疗女性盆底疾病(FPD),包括盆腔器官脱垂(POP)、尿失禁(UI)、粪失禁(FI)、下尿路症状(LUTS)、下尿路感染(UTI)、盆腔疼痛和女性性功能障碍(FSD)。这些疾病影响着大量人群,给患者、社会、医疗和经济带来了沉重负担。鉴于治疗方法包括医学和外科手段,FPD的研究领域必然涵盖一系列主题,从机制驱动的基础科学研究到随机对照试验。虽然基础科学研究对临床护理的影响较为缓慢,但一个领域的变革性变化是通过基础研究实现的。另一方面,临床研究给临床护理带来渐进性变化。基础研究旨在改变认识,而临床研究旨在改变实践。然而,最佳方法是将基础研究和临床研究纳入一个转化项目,该项目能产生新发现并对临床实践产生积极影响。本综述审视了FPD的当前研究,重点关注转化潜力,并思考FPD研究的未来。为了改善FPD患者的护理和治疗效果,利益相关者(患者、倡导团体、医生、研究人员、专业医学协会、立法者、政府生物医学研究机构、制药公司和医疗器械公司)的战略合作是开展FPD转化研究所需资金的绝对必要条件。