Michalska Kalina J, Decety Jean, Zeffiro Thomas A, Lahey Benjamin B
Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Neuroimage Clin. 2014 Dec 23;7:252-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.12.012. eCollection 2015.
Because the disruptive behavior disorders are highly impairing conditions, it is important to determine if structural variations in brain are associated early in life with these problems among children. Structural MRI data were acquired from 111 9-11 year olds (58 girls and 53 boys), 43 who met diagnostic criteria for oppositional defiant disorder and/or conduct disorder and 68 healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry was used to examine associations of behavioral measures with gray matter volumes in whole-brain analyses. Unlike previous studies, variation in gray matter volume was not found to be associated with a disruptive behavior disorder diagnosis in any brain region at p < .05 with FWE correction. Nonetheless, an inverse nonlinear association of the number of conduct disorder (CD) symptoms with gray matter volume along the left superior temporal sulcus was significant in the full sample (p < .05 with FWE correction), with a trend in the right hemisphere (p < 0.001 uncorrected). There also was a trend toward a stronger association of the number of CD symptoms with gray matter volume along the left superior temporal sulcus in girls than boys. The present findings did not replicate previous findings of reduced gray matter volumes in the anterior insula, amygdala, and frontal cortex in youth with CD, but are consistent with previous findings of reduced gray matter volumes in temporal regions, particularly in girls.
由于破坏性行为障碍是严重损害身心健康的病症，因此确定儿童大脑结构变异是否在生命早期就与这些问题相关联非常重要。对111名9至11岁儿童（58名女孩和53名男孩）进行了结构磁共振成像（MRI）数据采集，其中43名符合对立违抗障碍和/或品行障碍的诊断标准，68名是健康对照。在全脑分析中，基于体素的形态测量法用于检验行为测量指标与灰质体积之间的关联。与之前的研究不同，在经家族性错误率（FWE）校正、p <.05的情况下，未发现灰质体积变异与任何脑区的破坏性行为障碍诊断相关。尽管如此，在整个样本中，品行障碍（CD）症状数量与左侧颞上沟灰质体积之间的反向非线性关联具有显著性（经FWE校正，p <.05），在右半球也有此趋势（未校正，p < 0.001）。此外，女孩中CD症状数量与左侧颞上沟灰质体积之间的关联趋势比男孩更强。目前的研究结果并未重现之前关于患有CD的青少年前岛叶、杏仁核和额叶皮质灰质体积减少的研究结果，但与之前关于颞叶区域灰质体积减少的研究结果一致，尤其是在女孩中。
