Esmaeilzadeh Abdolreza, Farshbaf Alieh, Erfanmanesh Maryam
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Genetic & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Med Hypotheses. 2015 Mar;84(3):216-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.12.027. Epub 2015 Jan 10.
HIV and AIDS is one of the biggest challenges all over the world. There are an approximately 34 million people living with the virus, and a large number of them become infected each year. Although there are some antiviral drugs for HIV viral load reduction, they are not sufficient. There is no cure for AIDS. Nowadays natural resistance or immunity has absorbed attentions. Because in some HIV positive patients progression trend is slow or even they indicate resistance to AIDS. One of the most interesting approaches in this category is CCR5 gene. CCR5 is a main cc-chemokine co-receptor that facilitates HIV-1 entry to macrophage and CD4(+) T cells. To now, many polymorphisms have been known by CCR5 gene that produces a truncated protein with no function. So, HIV-1 could not entry to immune-cells and the body resistant to HIV/AIDS. Δ32/Δ32 and m303/m303 homozygotes are example of mutations that could create this resistance mechanism. There is a new treatment, such as Hematopoietic Stem Cell transplantation (HSCT) in Berlin and Boston patients for Δ32/Δ32 mutation. It could eliminate co-receptor antagonist and highly-active-anti retroviral therapy (HAART) drugs problems such as toxicity, low safety and side-effects. Now there, the aim of this hypothesis will be evaluation of a new mutation CCR5 m303/m303 as autologous HSCT. This novel hypothesis indicates that autologous HSCT for m303/m303 could be effective treatment for anyone HIV/AIDS affected patient worldwide.
艾滋病毒和艾滋病是全球面临的最大挑战之一。全球约有3400万人感染了这种病毒，且每年都有大量的人被感染。尽管有一些抗逆转录病毒药物可降低艾滋病毒载量，但仍远远不够。艾滋病无法治愈。如今，天然抵抗力或免疫力已受到关注。因为在一些艾滋病毒呈阳性的患者中，病情进展缓慢，甚至对艾滋病有抵抗力。这类最有趣的方法之一是CCR5基因。CCR5是一种主要的C-C趋化因子共受体，可促进HIV-1进入巨噬细胞和CD4(+) T细胞。到目前为止，已知CCR5基因有许多多态性，这些多态性会产生一种无功能的截短蛋白。因此，HIV-1无法进入免疫细胞，机体对艾滋病毒/艾滋病具有抵抗力。Δ32/Δ32和m303/m303纯合子就是可产生这种抵抗机制的突变例子。对于携带Δ32/Δ32突变的柏林和波士顿患者，有一种新的治疗方法，即造血干细胞移植（HSCT）。它可以消除共受体拮抗剂和高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）药物的问题，如毒性、低安全性和副作用。现在，本假设的目的是评估一种新的CCR5 m303/m303突变作为自体HSCT的情况。这一新假设表明，针对m303/m303的自体HSCT可能是全球所有受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响患者的有效治疗方法。
