Matich Adam J, McKenzie Marian J, Lill Ross E, McGhie Tony K, Chen Ronan K-Y, Rowan Daryl D
The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research) , Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
J Agric Food Chem. 2015 Feb 25;63(7):1896-905. doi: 10.1021/jf505963c. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
In Brassica species, hydrolysis of (methylthio)glucosinolates produces sulfur-containing aglycons which have demonstrated anticancer benefits. Selenized Brassicaceae contain (methylseleno)glucosinolates and their selenium-containing aglycons. As a prelude to biological testing, broccoli, cauliflower, and forage rape plants were treated with sodium selenate and their tap roots, stems, leaves, and florets analyzed for selenoglucosinolates and their Se aglycons. Two new selenoglucosinolates were identified: glucoselenoraphanin in broccoli florets and glucoselenonasturtiin in forage rape roots. A new aglycon, selenoberteroin nitrile, was identified in forage rape. The major selenoglucosinolates were glucoselenoerucin in broccoli, glucoselenoiberverin in cauliflower, and glucoselenoerucin and glucoselenoberteroin in forage rape roots. In broccoli florets, the concentrations of selenglucosinolates exceeded those of their sulfur analogues. Fertilization with selenium slightly reduced (methylthio)glucosinolates and aglycons in the roots, but increased them in the florets, the leaves, and sometimes the stems. These discoveries provide a new avenue for investigating how consumption of Brassica vegetables and their organoselenides may promote human health.
在十字花科植物中，（甲硫基）芥子油苷的水解会产生含硫糖苷配基，这些配基已被证明具有抗癌功效。富硒十字花科植物含有（甲基硒基）芥子油苷及其含硒糖苷配基。作为生物测试的前奏，用硒酸钠处理西兰花、花椰菜和饲料油菜植株，并对其主根、茎、叶和小花进行分析，以检测其中的硒代芥子油苷及其硒配基。鉴定出两种新的硒代芥子油苷：西兰花小花中的葡萄糖基硒萝卜硫素和饲料油菜根中的葡萄糖基硒山黧豆素。在饲料油菜中鉴定出一种新的糖苷配基——硒代贝特尔因腈。主要的硒代芥子油苷有西兰花中的葡萄糖基硒芥酸、花椰菜中的葡萄糖基硒异硫氰酸酯以及饲料油菜根中的葡萄糖基硒芥酸和硒代贝特尔因。在西兰花小花中，硒代芥子油苷的浓度超过了其硫类似物的浓度。施用硒略微降低了根部的（甲硫基）芥子油苷和糖苷配基含量，但增加了小花、叶片以及有时茎中的含量。这些发现为研究食用十字花科蔬菜及其有机硒化物如何促进人类健康提供了一条新途径。
