Kelly Patricia J, Ramaswamy Megha, Chen Hsiang-Feng, Denny Donald
University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2015 Feb;36(2):89-95. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2014.956241.
Community corrections provide a readjustment venue for re-entry between incarceration and home for inmates in the US corrections system. Our goal was to determine how self-management skills, an important predictor of re-entry success, varied by demographic and risk factors. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed responses of 675 clients from 57 community corrections programs run by the regional division of the Federal Bureau of Prisons. A self-administered survey collected data on self-management skills, demographics, and risk factors; significant associations were applied in four regression models: the overall self-management score and three self-management subscales: coping skills, goals, and drug use. Over one-quarter (27.2%/146) of participants had a mental health history. White race, no mental health history and high school education were associated with better overall self-management scores; mental health history and drug use in the past year were associated with lower coping scores; female gender and high school education were associated with better self-management goals; female gender was associated with better self-management drug use scores. Self-management programs may need to be individualized for different groups of clients. Lower scores for those with less education suggest an area for targeted, nurse-led interventions.
在美国惩教系统中，社区矫正为囚犯在监禁与回家之间的重新融入提供了一个调整场所。我们的目标是确定自我管理技能（重新融入成功的一个重要预测因素）如何因人口统计学和风险因素而有所不同。在这项横断面研究中，我们分析了来自联邦监狱管理局地区分部运营的57个社区矫正项目的675名客户的回复。一项自我管理调查收集了关于自我管理技能、人口统计学和风险因素的数据；在四个回归模型中应用了显著关联：总体自我管理得分以及三个自我管理子量表：应对技能、目标和药物使用。超过四分之一（27.2%/146）的参与者有心理健康史。白人种族、无心理健康史和高中教育程度与更好的总体自我管理得分相关；心理健康史和过去一年的药物使用与较低的应对得分相关；女性性别和高中教育程度与更好的自我管理目标相关；女性性别与更好的自我管理药物使用得分相关。自我管理项目可能需要针对不同客户群体进行个性化设置。教育程度较低者得分较低表明这是一个由护士主导的有针对性干预的领域。
