Takamatsu Hiroyuki
Nihon Rinsho. 2015 Jan;73(1):69-73.
Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection methods are important for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in multiple myeloma (MM), and include serum free-light chain assay, multiparametric flow cytometry (with ≥ 4 colors; sensitivity ≤ 10(-4)), allele-specific oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR; sensitivity 10(-5)), and next-generation sequencing (NGS; sensitivity ≤ 10(-6)). Although molecular complete remission in MM can be assessed by ASO-PCR, this technique requires preparation of clonotype-pecific primers for each individual, which is both labor- and time-consuming. The use of NGS for MRD detection in MM provides increased sensitivity and specificity, while overcoming the challenges associated with ASO-PCR. Furthermore, MRD-negativity revealed by NGS is more closely associated with durable remission of MM than that revealed by ASO -PCR.
微小残留病（MRD）检测方法对多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的诊断、治疗和预后至关重要，包括血清游离轻链检测、多参数流式细胞术（≥4色；灵敏度≤10⁻⁴）、等位基因特异性寡核苷酸聚合酶链反应（ASO-PCR；灵敏度10⁻⁵）和下一代测序（NGS；灵敏度≤10⁻⁶）。虽然MM中的分子完全缓解可通过ASO-PCR评估，但该技术需要为每个个体制备克隆型特异性引物，既费力又耗时。在MM中使用NGS进行MRD检测可提高灵敏度和特异性，同时克服与ASO-PCR相关的挑战。此外，与ASO-PCR相比，NGS显示的MRD阴性与MM的持久缓解更密切相关。
