[The present state and the future perspective of immunotherapy of renal cell carcinoma].

In extremely rare cases, the metastatic lesions of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) spontaneously regress after removal of the primary disease, and thus RCC has been considered to be immunogenic. Thus far, several immunotherapies including cytokine therapy, peptide vaccine and recent immune checkpoints inhibitors have been employed to treat patients with metastatic RCC. In this review, the recent progress in immunotherapy against RCC is surveyed and its future perspective is discussed. Our experimental research on galectin 9 and PINCH as promising immunotherapy targets is also mentioned.