Young Matthew A L, Foale Simon, Bellwood David R
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
Conserv Biol. 2015 Jun;29(3):784-94. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12456. Epub 2015 Jan 27.
The sustained decline in marine fisheries worldwide underscores the need to understand and monitor fisheries trends and fisher behavior. Recreational fisheries are unique in that they are not subject to the typical drivers that influence commercial and artisanal fisheries (e.g., markets or food security). Nevertheless, although exposed to a different set of drivers (i.e., interest or relaxation), recreational fisheries can contribute to fishery declines. Recreational fisheries are also difficult to assess due to an absence of past monitoring and traditional fisheries data. Therefore, we utilized a nontraditional data source (a chronology of spearfishing publications) to document historical trends in recreational spearfishing in Australia between 1952 and 2009. We extracted data on reported fish captures, advertising, and spearfisher commentary and used regression models and ordination analyses to assess historical change. The proportion of coastal fish captures reported declined approximately 80%, whereas the proportion of coral reef and pelagic fish reports increased 1750% and 560%, respectively. Catch composition shifted markedly from coastal temperate or subtropical fishes during the 1950s to 1970s to coral reef and pelagic species in the 1990s to 2000s. Advertising data and commentary by spearfishers indicated that pelagic fish species became desired targets. The mean weight of trophy coral reef fishes also declined significantly over the study period (from approximately 30-8 kg). Recreational fishing presents a highly dynamic social-ecological interface and a challenge for management. Our results emphasize the need for regulatory agencies to work closely with recreational fishing bodies to observe fisher behavior, detect shifts in target species or fishing intensity, and adapt regulatory measures.
全球海洋渔业的持续衰退凸显了了解和监测渔业趋势及渔民行为的必要性。休闲渔业独具特色，因为它们不受影响商业和个体渔业的典型驱动因素（如市场或粮食安全）的制约。然而，尽管休闲渔业受到另一组不同的驱动因素（即兴趣或放松）的影响，但它们仍可能导致渔业衰退。由于缺乏过去的监测数据和传统渔业数据，休闲渔业也难以评估。因此，我们利用了一个非传统数据源（一份关于 spear fishing 出版物的年表）来记录 1952 年至 2009 年澳大利亚休闲 spear fishing 的历史趋势。我们提取了关于报告的鱼类捕获量、广告和 spear fisher 评论的数据，并使用回归模型和排序分析来评估历史变化。报告的沿海鱼类捕获量比例下降了约 80%，而珊瑚礁和远洋鱼类报告的比例分别增加了 1750%和 560%。渔获物组成从 20 世纪 50 年代至 70 年代的沿海温带或亚热带鱼类显著转变为 20 世纪 90 年代至 21 世纪初的珊瑚礁和远洋物种。广告数据和 spear fisher 的评论表明，远洋鱼类成为了理想的目标。在研究期间，作为战利品的珊瑚礁鱼类的平均体重也显著下降（从约 30 千克降至 8 千克）。休闲渔业呈现出一个高度动态的社会 - 生态界面，对管理构成挑战。我们的结果强调监管机构需要与休闲渔业团体密切合作，以观察渔民行为、检测目标物种或捕捞强度的变化，并调整监管措施。
