Raheem Omer A, Mirheydar Hossein S, Lee Hak J, Patel Nishant D, Godebu Elana, Sakamoto Kyoko
1 Department of Urology, University of California (UC) San Diego Health System , San Diego, California.
2 Urology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, California.
J Endourol. 2015 Jul;29(7):791-6. doi: 10.1089/end.2015.0029. Epub 2015 Apr 13.
To validate the effect of listening to music on perceived anxiety and pain during office-based flexible cystoscopy using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), in a well-matched North American veteran patient population in a prospective, randomized fashion.
A total of 137 veteran patients receiving routine urologic care in a North American Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system were recruited over a 2-year period (June 2011 to June 2013). All patients were prospectively randomized to undergo office-based flexible cystoscopy with or without music. The music group consisted of 73 patients who listened to the same excerpt of classical music at the time of flexible cystoscopy; the nonmusic group consisted of 64 patients.
The median postprocedural STAI anxiety scores between the music and nonmusic groups were statistically significantly different: 30 (range 23-39) and 35 (range 28-49), respectively (P=0.0017). The median postprocedural pain VAS score between the music and nonmusic groups reached statistical significance: 0 (range 0-1) and 2 (range 1-2), respectively (P<0.0001). The median delta STAI anxiety score was statistically significantly different between the music and nonmusic groups: 0 (range -3-0) and 2 (range 0-4), respectively (P<0.0001).
This study demonstrates that listening to music decreases anxiety and pain associated with flexible cystoscopy in a North American VA patient population. We recommend incorporating music as an effective adjunct to other maneuvers used at the time of flexible cystoscopy to reduce anxiety and pain.
以前瞻性、随机的方式，在匹配良好的北美退伍军人患者群体中，使用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）和视觉模拟量表（VAS），验证在门诊进行软性膀胱镜检查时听音乐对感知到的焦虑和疼痛的影响。
在2年期间（2011年6月至2013年6月），招募了总共137名在北美退伍军人事务（VA）医疗系统接受常规泌尿科护理的退伍军人患者。所有患者均被前瞻性随机分组，接受有或没有音乐伴随的门诊软性膀胱镜检查。音乐组由73名在软性膀胱镜检查时听同一首古典音乐片段的患者组成；非音乐组由64名患者组成。
音乐组和非音乐组术后STAI焦虑评分中位数在统计学上有显著差异：分别为30（范围23 - 39）和35（范围28 - 49）（P = 0.0017）。音乐组和非音乐组术后疼痛VAS评分中位数达到统计学显著差异：分别为0（范围0 - 1）和2（范围1 - 2）（P < 0.0001）。音乐组和非音乐组STAI焦虑评分中位数差值在统计学上有显著差异：分别为0（范围 - 3 - 0）和2（范围0 - 4）（P < 0.0001）。
本研究表明，在北美VA患者群体中，听音乐可降低与软性膀胱镜检查相关的焦虑和疼痛。我们建议将音乐作为软性膀胱镜检查时用于减轻焦虑和疼痛的其他操作的有效辅助手段。
